真菌真菌的剧毒

Endah Yulia, A. Rahayu, Tarkus Suganda
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由细菌引起的白根真菌(日本)是一种重要的橡胶厂疾病。日本疾病控制中心通常使用一种合成杀菌剂,这种杀菌剂对环境有害,而且成本高昂。控制更便宜、更有效的土壤疾病的一个方法是利用敌对微生物。这项研究的目的是测试橡胶体真菌真菌(JRK)与R. microporus的对立。该研究于2021年11月至2022年2月使用西爪哇省加尔特摄政sakamdari橡胶种植园(PKR)的调查方法,以及Padjadjaran大学农业学院植物病理学实验室的实验方法。在两种亚大对立的测试中,一种是对17种异体JRK(在体外)和R. microporus(在planta)进行的随机设计,另一种是对8种异化JRK和两种重复控制的根片段进行测试。这项研究发现了17种真菌异构体,其中包括菌属、菌属、青霉素、糖欧根菌、菌属、邻苯二甲酸盐、邻苯二甲酸盐和类菌属,以及四种未确定的异戊二烯。所有绝缘体在体外试验和planta试验中抑制R. microporus的生长,每次抑制率最高86.07%和85.33%。sp. Trichoderma, sp.曲霉和sp.青霉素是一种可能的敌对真菌,可以控制p. microporus的衍生品。ABSTRACTWhite根根病根(WRRD)被Rigidoporus microporus是一种重要的疾病,这种疾病存在于橡胶植物中。WRRD经常使用合成杀菌剂,然而它在环境中是昂贵的。一种控制凉鞋的方法是使它们被认为是制度化的,方便和安全的方法是通过使用微量有机物。这项研究揭示了rubber plant rhizosphere真菌(RRF)对R. microporus的反对。这项研究从2021年11月到2022年2月被转移。在sakamexplosion, Garut Regency, West Java,和实验植物实验室的方法,Padjadjaran大学。一种完整的分层设计被用于两种不同的对立测试,两种双重的文化被用来测试17个RRF异质和R. microporus (planta)Trichoderma genera中存在17种fungal isolates,曲霉、青霉素、青霉素、胶质组织、淀粉样、肺泡、肺泡、氯孢子和四种不同的变体。所有异化抑制剂(86.07%)和殖民地(85.33%)来自R. microporus。Trichoderma sp.,意外死亡sp.和青霉素。
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Antagonisme jamur rizosfer tanaman karet terhadap Rigidoporus microporus secara in vitro dan in planta
Penyakit jamur akar putih (JAP) yang disebabkan oleh Rigidoporus microporus merupakan penyakit penting pada tanaman karet. Pengendalian penyakit JAP umumnya menggunakan fungisida sintetik yang berdampak buruk terhadap lingkungan dan berbiaya mahal. Salah satu cara pengendalian penyakit tular tanah yang lebih murah dan efisien adalah pemanfaatan mikroorganisme antagonis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji antagonisme jamur rizosfer tanaman karet (JRK) terhadap R. microporus. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari November 2021 hingga Februari 2022 menggunakan metode survei di Perkebunan Karet Rakyat (PKR) Sakambangan, Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat serta metode eksperimental di Laboratorium Fitopatologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Rancangan Acak Lengkap digunakan untuk dua uji antagonisme yaitu dual culture (in vitro) berupa perlakuan 17 isolat JRK dan kontrol R. microporus serta uji potongan akar (in planta) berupa perlakuan 8 isolat JRK dan dua kontrol dengan tiga kali ulangan. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh 17 isolat jamur termasuk genus Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Gliocladium, Paecilomyces, Acremonium dan Cladosporium, serta empat isolat tidak teridentifikasi. Semua isolat menghambat pertumbuhan R. microporus pada uji in vitro dan kolonisasi pada uji in planta dengan penghambatan tertinggi masing-masing 86,07% dan 85,33%. Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp. dan Penicillium sp. merupakan jamur antagonis potensial untuk mengendalikan R. microporus asal PKR Sakambangan.ABSTRACTWhite root rot disease (WRRD) incited by Rigidoporus microporus is an important disease in rubber plants. WRRD is commonly controlled using synthetic fungicide, nevertheless it is expensive and harmful to environment. One way to control soil-borne diseases that is considered cheaper, efficient and safer is by using antagonistic microorganisms. This study aimed to examine the antagonism of rubber plant rhizosphere fungi (RRF) against R. microporus. The research was carried out from November 2021 to February 2022. Research used survey method at a rubber plantation in Sakambangan, Garut Regency, West Java, and experimental method at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. A Completely Randomized Design was used for the two antagonism tests, namely dual culture (in vitro) of 17 RRF isolates and R. microporus as control treatment while a rubber root piece test (in planta) was used for testing 8 RRF isolates and two control treatments with three replications. The results derived 17 fungal isolates in the genera of Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Gliocladium, Paecilomyces, Acremonium, Cladosporium, and four unidentified. All isolates inhibited the growth (86.07%) and colonization (85.33%) of R. microporus. Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. are potential antagonists against R. microporus of Sakambangan rubber plantation origin.
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