果蝇感觉系统的性别特异性进化通过相互作用的顺式和反式调节变化

IF 2.6 3区 生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY Evolution & Development Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI:10.1111/ede.12398
David Luecke, Gavin Rice, Artyom Kopp
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引用次数: 4

摘要

通过顺式调控变化的基因表达进化是表型进化的主要驱动因素。然而,人们对增强子结构和基因间相互作用对调控进化的影响知之甚少。我们通过研究果蝇的化学感觉系统进化来解决这个问题。与雌性和兄弟物种的雄性相比,雄性长果蝇显示出大量增加的化学感觉刚毛。这种增加是由祖先机械感觉器官的性别特异性转化驱动的。与这种表型相一致的是,指定化学感觉刚毛身份的痘神经转录因子(Poxn)在雄性长棘猴中表达增加。Poxn的表达受广泛分布的增强子之间的非加性相互作用控制。虽然一些长叶草Poxn增强子的活性增加,但这种增加的附加成分是轻微的,这表明大多数Poxn表达的变化是由于Poxn增强子和反调节因子之间的上位性相互作用。事实上,延长果蝇Poxn增强子活性的扩增只在表达双性(dsx)的细胞中观察到,双性(dsx)基因在果蝇中控制性别分化,并且在延长果蝇雄性中由于顺式调节变化而表达增加。虽然扩大的dsx表达可能有助于延长龙井鱼Poxn增强子活性的增加,但这种相互作用不足以解释Poxn表达的完全扩展,这表明Poxn, dsx和其他未知基因之间的顺式反式相互作用是产生衍生的延长龙井鱼表型所必需的。总的来说,我们的研究结果表明上位基因相互作用对进化的重要性,特别是当关键基因具有复杂的调控结构时。
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Sex-specific evolution of a Drosophila sensory system via interacting cis- and trans-regulatory changes

The evolution of gene expression via cis-regulatory changes is well established as a major driver of phenotypic evolution. However, relatively little is known about the influence of enhancer architecture and intergenic interactions on regulatory evolution. We address this question by examining chemosensory system evolution in Drosophila. Drosophila prolongata males show a massively increased number of chemosensory bristles compared to females and males of sibling species. This increase is driven by sex-specific transformation of ancestrally mechanosensory organs. Consistent with this phenotype, the Pox neuro transcription factor (Poxn), which specifies chemosensory bristle identity, shows expanded expression in D. prolongata males. Poxn expression is controlled by nonadditive interactions among widely dispersed enhancers. Although some D. prolongata Poxn enhancers show increased activity, the additive component of this increase is slight, suggesting that most changes in Poxn expression are due to epistatic interactions between Poxn enhancers and trans-regulatory factors. Indeed, the expansion of D. prolongata Poxn enhancer activity is only observed in cells that express doublesex (dsx), the gene that controls sexual differentiation in Drosophila and also shows increased expression in D. prolongata males due to cis-regulatory changes. Although expanded dsx expression may contribute to increased activity of D. prolongata Poxn enhancers, this interaction is not sufficient to explain the full expansion of Poxn expression, suggesting that cistrans interactions between Poxn, dsx, and additional unknown genes are necessary to produce the derived D. prolongata phenotype. Overall, our results demonstrate the importance of epistatic gene interactions for evolution, particularly when pivotal genes have complex regulatory architecture.

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来源期刊
Evolution & Development
Evolution & Development 生物-发育生物学
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
3.40%
发文量
26
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Evolution & Development serves as a voice for the rapidly growing research community at the interface of evolutionary and developmental biology. The exciting re-integration of these two fields, after almost a century''s separation, holds much promise as the focus of a broader synthesis of biological thought. Evolution & Development publishes works that address the evolution/development interface from a diversity of angles. The journal welcomes papers from paleontologists, population biologists, developmental biologists, and molecular biologists, but also encourages submissions from professionals in other fields where relevant research is being carried out, from mathematics to the history and philosophy of science.
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