Flora Yan, Lindsay G Cowell, Anna Tomkies, Andrew T Day
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Purpose of review: The goal of this narrative review is to educate clinicians regarding the foundational concepts, efficacy, and future directions of therapeutic vaccines for human papillomavirus (HPV)-mediated cancers.
Recent findings: Therapeutic HPV vaccines deliver tumor antigens to stimulate an immune response to eliminate tumor cells. Vaccine antigen delivery platforms are diverse and include DNA, RNA, peptides, proteins, viral vectors, microbial vectors, and antigen-presenting cells. Randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated that therapeutic HPV vaccines are efficacious in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. In patients with HPV-mediated malignancies, evidence of efficacy is limited. However, numerous ongoing studies evaluating updated therapeutic HPV vaccines in combination with immune checkpoint inhibition and other therapies exhibit significant promise.
Summary: Therapeutic vaccines for HPV-mediated malignancies retain a strong biological rationale, despite their limited efficacy to date. Investigators anticipate they will be most effectively used in combination with other regimens, such as immune checkpoint inhibition.
期刊介绍：
This journal aims to offer expert review articles on the most significant recent developments in the field of otorhinolaryngology. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions, the journal intends to serve all those involved in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, throat, and head and neck disorders.
We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An Editorial Board of more than 20 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, ensures that topics include emerging research, and suggests topics of special importance to their country/region.
Topics covered may include chronic rhinosinusitis; implantable devices; neurolaryngology; otolaryngic allergy; robotic surgery; sleep apnea; skull base surgery; thyroid surgery; and quality and outcomes.
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