运输机在遭遇严重晴空乱流时的运动机制

W. Jiang, R. C. Chang, N. Yang, M. Ding
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摘要

本文的目的是介绍运输飞机对严重晴空湍流的运动机制,以获得IATA -飞行中失去控制(LOC-I)计划中飞行员培训的控制失控预防。运输机在跨声速飞行时,会受到严重的晴空湍流的影响,产生突然的俯冲运动,伴随着飞行姿态和重力加速度的突变。对两种四喷气机的飞行环境和飞机对严重晴空湍流的响应进行了对比分析。选取俯冲运动中下降高度较大的一个来构建运动机构。通过飞行数据挖掘和基于飞行后数据的人工智能模糊逻辑建模技术,建立了所选运输机的非线性非定常气动模型。湍流相遇前的侧风很容易引起翻滚运动,然后在湍流相遇时突然俯冲运动。分析了垂直风和侧风的变化对失控的影响。为了制定预防措施,未来将进一步研究作战飞行员对不同侧风遭遇的态势感知。本研究旨在探讨国际航空运输协会(IATA)飞行失控(LOC-I)计划飞行员培训课程中可能的事故预防缓解概念。
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Movement mechanisms for transport aircraft during severe clear-air turbulence encounter
The objective of this paper is to present the movement mechanisms of transport aircraft response to severe clear-air turbulence to obtain the loss of control prevention for pilot training in IATA – Loss of Control In-flight (LOC-I) program. The transport aircraft in transonic flight is subjected to severe clear-air turbulence, resulting in a sudden plunging motion with the abrupt change in flight attitude and gravitational acceleration. The comparative analyses of the flight environment and aircraft response to severe clear-air turbulence for two four-jet aircraft are studied. The one with a larger dropped-off altitude during the plunging motion will be chosen to construct the movement mechanism. The nonlinear unsteady aerodynamic model of the chosen transport is established through flight data mining and the fuzzy-logic modeling of artificial intelligence technique based on post-flight data. The crosswind before the turbulence encounter will easily induce a rolling motion and then the sudden plunging motion during the turbulence encounter. The influences of the varying vertical wind and crosswind on loss of control are presented. To formulate preventive actions, the situation awareness of varying crosswind encountering for the operational pilot will be studied further in the future. The present study is initiated to examine the possible mitigation concepts of accident prevention for the pilot training course of IATA – Loss of Control In-flight (LOC-I) program.
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