某些宝石品种颜色变化因素的研究

S. Shevchenko, I. Tkachuk
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The influence of the concentration ratio of chromophore ions on the color of alexandrites and garnets with color change is shown. Color change for anisotropic stones with pleochroism is shown. The colors of anisotropic stones along the crystallographic axes were studied –two colors for uniaxial stones and three – for biaxial stones. The originality. The change in color of the studied samples from the department's collection under the influence of four sources of illumination: daylight, an incandescent lamp, a yellow diode lamp, and a special gemological lamp was demonstrated. Chromatic charts are constructed with different color temperatures and wavelengths for each light source. It is shown that when the color temperature of light sources increases, the wavelengths of light in all samples, except for alexandrite, decrease. Practical implementation. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的。解释特定宝石样品颜色变化的主要因素,以及它们的合成类似物和仿制品。方法。这项工作使用x射线荧光分析,以及一般的科学研究方法-实证和理论(分析,概括,比较,解释)。在研究过程中,使用了不同光谱(不同色温)的灯:白炽灯,黄色二极管灯,特殊的宝石灯。发现。对变色宝石及其仿制品,即变绿石、金绿宝石、苏丹石、马来亚石榴石、变色石榴石、合成刚玉、alexite(玻璃)等样品的发色团离子含量和浓度进行了测定。研究了发色团离子浓度对变色变绿石和石榴石颜色的影响。显示了具有多色性的各向异性宝石的颜色变化。研究了各向异性晶体沿结晶轴的颜色,单轴晶体为两种颜色,双轴晶体为三种颜色。的创意。研究人员演示了该部门收集的样品在四种光源的影响下的颜色变化:日光、白炽灯、黄色二极管灯和一种特殊的宝石灯。色度图是用不同的色温和波长为每个光源构建的。结果表明,随着光源色温的升高,除亚历山大变石外,所有样品的光波长都减小。实际的实现。文章中提供的数据展示了影响宝石颜色变化的因素的具体例子,并为专家提供了进一步解释这一现象的机会,并扩大了市场上相关服务的直接消费者的理解。研究表明,随着现代二极管灯逐渐取代白炽灯,变色的石榴石和“亚历山大石下”的合成刚玉将处于最“失去”的境地——它们的颜色将彼此接近,几乎不会出现强烈的变化。同时,像亚力克石这样的人造材料(尤其是被冒充苏丹石),由于颜色的急剧变化,即使是不知情的买家也会注意到,而在日光和白炽灯等相反的光源下,颜色几乎是匹配的。
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Study of colour change factors for some varieties of gems
Purpose. To explain the main factors of color transformations on specific samples of precious stones with a change in color, as well as their synthetic analogues and imitations. Methods. The work uses X-ray fluorescence analysis, as well as general scientific methods of research –empirical and theoretical (analysis, generalization, comparison, explanation). During the research, lamps with different light spectra (different color temperatures) were used: an incandescent lamp, a yellow diode lamp, a special gemological lamp. Findings. The content and concentration of chromophore ions were determined for samples of precious stones and their imitations with color changes, namely alexandrite, chrysoberyl, sultanite, Malaya garnet, garnets with color changes, as well as synthetic corundum and alexite (glass). The influence of the concentration ratio of chromophore ions on the color of alexandrites and garnets with color change is shown. Color change for anisotropic stones with pleochroism is shown. The colors of anisotropic stones along the crystallographic axes were studied –two colors for uniaxial stones and three – for biaxial stones. The originality. The change in color of the studied samples from the department's collection under the influence of four sources of illumination: daylight, an incandescent lamp, a yellow diode lamp, and a special gemological lamp was demonstrated. Chromatic charts are constructed with different color temperatures and wavelengths for each light source. It is shown that when the color temperature of light sources increases, the wavelengths of light in all samples, except for alexandrite, decrease. Practical implementation. The data presented in the article demonstrate specific examples of the influence of factors on the change in the color of precious stones and provide an opportunity for additional explanations of this phenomenon for specialists, as well as expand its understanding by direct consumers of relevant services on the market. It is shown that with the gradual replacement of incandescent lamps with modern diode lamps, garnets with color changes and synthetic corundum "under alexandrite" will be in the most "losing" situation - their colors will be closer to each other and will hardly show strong changes. At the same time, such an artificial material as alexite (which is passed off as sultanite, in particular) will attract the attention of even uninformed buyers due to a sharp change in color, while the colors will almost match under such opposite sources as daylight and an incandescent lamp.
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