大入口孔射孔是Tunu气藏在保持储层产能的同时优化过油管防砂技术的新选择

Rahman Setiadi, Abdel Mohammad Deghati, A. S. Ashfahani, Albert Malvin Richal Dading, Gany Gunawan, Nur Mahfudhin, Zulmi Ramadhana, Sakti Dwitama, R. Rachman, R-Aulia Muhammad Rizky, I. Abidiy, E. Dharma, Rico Pradityo, M. N. Jamal, M. Sobirin, Fata Yunus, William Lodiman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

Mahakam区块及其天然气田Tunu已经开发了几十年。钻了数百口井,以解锁从松散到胶结的层状砂岩储层。通过现场经验,井结构正在积极发展。仅针对浅层油藏的最新体系结构被称为浅光体系结构(SLA)。该井在8.5in裸眼油藏段内用3.5in生产油管固井完井。SLA是化学固砂(SCON)或过油管筛管的默认结构,用于地下防砂。射孔由深射孔(DP)空心载体射孔枪进行,该射孔枪配置了双倍密度,以最大化开放面积并降低出砂风险。DP装药的使用是基于绕过近井损害的要求,这与固结砂储层射孔的做法相同。随着越来越多的边缘储层需要解锁,目前的防砂优化方案是采用SCON化学减量法,缩短射孔间隔,采用大入口孔射孔;通过将金属筛管放置在射孔入口隧道的前方,以降低冲蚀风险,从而提高金属筛管的性能。BEH之前从未在Mahakam的过油管应用中使用过,随后进行了研究。研究人员进行了模拟和试验井试验,以确保短贯深不会显著影响SLA井的储层产量。流入动态关系(IPR)分析结果显示,与目前通过油管防砂的平均产气量为2.5 MMscfd的DP计算的产压相比,该方法的产压略有增加,从作业包层的角度来看,这是可以接受的。总共对10口井进行了BEH射孔,储层渗透率从220毫达西(mD)到3000毫达西(mD)不等。在优化的射孔长度下,注入了各种SCON处理措施,在特定参数和化学类型的无砂生产中,将化学成本降低了60%。另一方面,在使用屏幕的应用程序中,由于某些安装的屏幕大小问题,评估结果并不确定。然而,现场气体速度可以降低到金属筛网的理论侵蚀速度极限。这种利用BEH电荷的新方法具有优化当前SCON成本的潜在解决方案,同时还降低了通过油管筛管的侵蚀风险,从而提高了其性能。通过使用短贯入射孔,该方法在不影响储层产能的情况下成功实施。
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Big Entrance Hole Perforation as New Alternative Approach to Optimize Thru-Tubing Sand Control Technique While Maintaining Reservoir Deliverability for Tunu Gas Reservoir in Unconsolidated Sand Formation
Mahakam block with one of its gas fields, Tunu, has been developed for decades. Hundreds of wells were drilled to unlock layered sand reservoirs ranging from unconsolidated to consolidated reservoirs. Through field experience, well architecture is actively developing. The latest architecture, targeting shallow reservoirs only, is called Shallow Light Architecture (SLA). The well is completed with 3.5in production tubing cemented inside a 8.5in open-hole reservoir section. SLA is the default architecture for chemical sand consolidation (SCON) or thru-tubing screens as subsurface sand control. Perforation is performed by deep penetration (DP) hollow-carrier guns deployed with double-density to maximize open area and reduce sand production risk. DP charges were used based on the requirement to bypass near-wellbore damage, which is the same practice used in consolidated sand reservoir perforating. As more marginal reservoirs need to be unlocked, big entrance hole (BEH) perforation was initiated for the current sand control optimization alternative by SCON chemical reduction with shorter perforation intervals; and for thru-tubing metal screen performance improvement by placement in front of perforation entrance tunnels with minimum erosion risk. BEH was then studied as it has never been used previously in Mahakam with thru-tubing applications. Simulation and pilot well trials were explored to ensure that a short penetration would not significantly impact reservoir delivery on SLA wells. Inflow performance relationship (IPR) analysis resulted in slight additional drawdown compared to the calculated drawdown using DP at 2.5 MMscfd as an average gas rate in current thru-tubing sand control, which was considered acceptable from the operating envelope perspective. In total, BEH perforation was executed on ten wells with reservoir permeability range from 220 millidarcy (mD) to an extreme case of 3000 mD. Various SCON treatments were injected at optimized perforation lengths by cutting chemical costs up to 60% with sand-free production at a particular parameter and chemical type. On the other hand, in the application using screens, evaluation was not conclusive due to screen sizing issues for some installations. However, in-situ gas velocity could be reduced to the theoretical erosion velocity limit for a metal screen. This new approach to BEH charges utilization has a potential solution optimizing current SCON costs while also reducing erosion risk for the through tubing screen application to improve its performance. By using short penetration of charges, this approach was successfully implemented without jeopardizing reservoir's deliverability.
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