{"title":"在难以减排的运输部门使用可再生燃料的碳减排成本","authors":"Jonas Martin , Emil Dimanchev , Anne Neumann","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100156","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Renewable fuels can help to reduce carbon emissions from transportation. To inform planning decisions, this paper estimates carbon abatement costs of replacing fossil fuels with renewable hydrogen, ammonia, or Fischer–Tropsch e-fuel in Norwegian freight transport across long-haul trucking, short-sea shipping, and medium-haul aviation. We do this by applying a holistic cost model of renewable fuel value chains. We compare abatement costs across transport sectors and analyze how policy interventions along the value chains – such as carbon pricing, subsidies, and de-risking policies – impact carbon abatement costs. We estimate abatement costs of 793–1,598 €/tCO<sub>2</sub> in 2020 and -11–675 €/tCO<sub>2</sub> in 2050, depending on the electricity source, transport sector, and type of fuel. A 1 €/kg reduction in the cost of hydrogen - e.g. through a subsidy - lowers present-day carbon abatement cost by 95 €/tCO<sub>2</sub> for hydrogen-powered trucking, 133 €/tCO<sub>2</sub> for e-fuel-powered shipping, and 143 €/tCO<sub>2</sub> for e-fuel-powered aviation. We further show that reductions in the weighted average cost of capital materially decrease abatement cost, particularly for renewable hydrogen due to its relative capital intensity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666792423000355/pdfft?md5=b2388558e20602c9cbef9161e8d8df3c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666792423000355-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Carbon abatement costs for renewable fuels in hard-to-abate transport sectors\",\"authors\":\"Jonas Martin , Emil Dimanchev , Anne Neumann\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100156\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Renewable fuels can help to reduce carbon emissions from transportation. To inform planning decisions, this paper estimates carbon abatement costs of replacing fossil fuels with renewable hydrogen, ammonia, or Fischer–Tropsch e-fuel in Norwegian freight transport across long-haul trucking, short-sea shipping, and medium-haul aviation. We do this by applying a holistic cost model of renewable fuel value chains. We compare abatement costs across transport sectors and analyze how policy interventions along the value chains – such as carbon pricing, subsidies, and de-risking policies – impact carbon abatement costs. We estimate abatement costs of 793–1,598 €/tCO<sub>2</sub> in 2020 and -11–675 €/tCO<sub>2</sub> in 2050, depending on the electricity source, transport sector, and type of fuel. A 1 €/kg reduction in the cost of hydrogen - e.g. through a subsidy - lowers present-day carbon abatement cost by 95 €/tCO<sub>2</sub> for hydrogen-powered trucking, 133 €/tCO<sub>2</sub> for e-fuel-powered shipping, and 143 €/tCO<sub>2</sub> for e-fuel-powered aviation. We further show that reductions in the weighted average cost of capital materially decrease abatement cost, particularly for renewable hydrogen due to its relative capital intensity.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":34615,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Advances in Applied Energy\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":13.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-10-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666792423000355/pdfft?md5=b2388558e20602c9cbef9161e8d8df3c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666792423000355-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Advances in Applied Energy\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666792423000355\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENERGY & FUELS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advances in Applied Energy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666792423000355","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENERGY & FUELS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon abatement costs for renewable fuels in hard-to-abate transport sectors
Renewable fuels can help to reduce carbon emissions from transportation. To inform planning decisions, this paper estimates carbon abatement costs of replacing fossil fuels with renewable hydrogen, ammonia, or Fischer–Tropsch e-fuel in Norwegian freight transport across long-haul trucking, short-sea shipping, and medium-haul aviation. We do this by applying a holistic cost model of renewable fuel value chains. We compare abatement costs across transport sectors and analyze how policy interventions along the value chains – such as carbon pricing, subsidies, and de-risking policies – impact carbon abatement costs. We estimate abatement costs of 793–1,598 €/tCO2 in 2020 and -11–675 €/tCO2 in 2050, depending on the electricity source, transport sector, and type of fuel. A 1 €/kg reduction in the cost of hydrogen - e.g. through a subsidy - lowers present-day carbon abatement cost by 95 €/tCO2 for hydrogen-powered trucking, 133 €/tCO2 for e-fuel-powered shipping, and 143 €/tCO2 for e-fuel-powered aviation. We further show that reductions in the weighted average cost of capital materially decrease abatement cost, particularly for renewable hydrogen due to its relative capital intensity.