生命伦理学中一些有争议的观点是没有反讽意味的少年讽刺吗?

IF 1.1 3区 哲学 Q3 ETHICS Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI:10.1007/s11017-022-09604-0
Matti Häyry
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引用次数: 5

摘要

本文考察了乔纳森·斯威夫特的《一个温和的提议》、赫尔加·库什和彼得·辛格的《婴儿应该活下去吗?》《残疾婴儿的问题》,Alberto Giubilini和Francesca Minerva的《产后流产:为什么婴儿应该活下来》,Julian Savulescu的《生育善行:为什么我们应该选择最好的孩子》,以及作者的《生育前压力综合征的合理治疗》。这些观点在五个层面上既有相似之处,也有不同之处:他们提出的不满,他们提出的建议,他们明确使用的理由,他们隐含依赖的理由,以及他们遇到的批评。对这些相似点和不同点进行比较可以得出两个发现。首先,一些基于功利主义考虑的有争议的观点可能会被颠倒过来,以青少年讽刺的方式呈现。其次,一点点幽默或谦虚可以帮助提出有争议观点的人激起对他们提出的主题的礼貌的批判性讨论。
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Are some controversial views in bioethics Juvenalian satire without irony?

The article examines five controversial views, expressed in Jonathan Swift's A Modest Proposal, Helga Kuhse and Peter Singer's Should the Baby Live? The Problem of Handicapped Infants, Alberto Giubilini and Francesca Minerva's "After-birth abortion: why should the baby live?", Julian Savulescu's "Procreative beneficence: why we should select the best children", and the author's "A rational cure for prereproductive stress syndrome". These views have similarities and differences on five levels: the grievances they raise, the proposals they make, the justifications they explicitly use, the justifications they implicitly rely on, and the criticisms that they have encountered. A comparison of these similarities and differences produces two findings. First, some controversial views based on utilitarian considerations would probably fare better flipped upside down and presented as Juvenalian satires. Secondly, a modicum of humor or modesty could help presenters of controversial views to stir polite critical discussion on the themes that they put forward.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
14.30%
发文量
43
期刊介绍: AIMS & SCOPE Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics examines clinical judgment and reasoning, medical concepts such as health and disease, the philosophical basis of medical science, and the philosophical ethics of health care and biomedical research Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics is an international forum for interdisciplinary studies in the ethics of health care and in the philosophy and methodology of medical practice and biomedical research. Coverage in the philosophy of medicine includes the theoretical examination of clinical judgment and decision making; theories of health promotion and preventive care; the problems of medical language and knowledge acquisition; theory formation in medicine; analysis of the structure and dynamics of medical hypotheses and theories; discussion and clarification of basic medical concepts and issues; medical application of advanced methods in the philosophy of science, and the interplay between medicine and other scientific or social institutions. Coverage of ethics includes both clinical and research ethics, with an emphasis on underlying ethical theory rather than institutional or governmental policy analysis. All philosophical methods and orientations receive equal consideration. The journal pays particular attention to developing new methods and tools for analysis and understanding of the conceptual and ethical presuppositions of the medical sciences and health care processes. Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics publishes original scholarly articles, occasional special issues on important topics, and book reviews. Related subjects » Applied Ethics & Social Responsibility – Bioethics – Ethics – Epistemology & Philosophy of Science – Medical Ethics – Medicine – Philosophy – Philosophy of Medicine – Surgery
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