是什么控制了异化硫酸盐还原过程中的硫同位素分馏?

IF 6.7 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL ACS Environmental Au Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI:10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00059
Min Sub Sim*, Dong Kyun Woo, Bokyung Kim, Hyeonjeong Jeong, Young Ji Joo, Yeon Woo Hong and Jy Young Choi, 
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引用次数: 3

摘要

硫酸盐在含氧环境中通常表现保守,但在氧气耗尽的各种天然和工程系统中,硫酸盐是微生物呼吸的电子受体。因此,作为一种普遍存在的厌氧异化途径,微生物将硫酸盐还原为硫化物在微生物学、生态学、生物化学和地球化学领域一直备受关注。硫的稳定同位素是追踪这种分解代谢过程的有效工具,因为微生物在裂解硫-氧键时强烈歧视重同位素。硫同位素效应的广泛变化,除了在环境档案中具有很高的保存潜力外,还可以跨越时间和空间障碍,深入了解硫酸盐还原微生物的生理学。一系列参数,包括系统发育、温度、呼吸速率、硫酸盐、电子供体和其他必需营养物质的可用性,已被探索为同位素分馏幅度的可能决定因素,现在人们普遍认为硫酸盐和电子供体的相对可用性主要控制分馏幅度。随着比例向硫酸盐转变,硫同位素分馏增加。以异化硫酸盐还原途径中每个酶步骤的可逆性为中心的概念模型的结果与观察结果在质量上一致,尽管将外部刺激转化为同位素表型的潜在细胞内机制在很大程度上尚未通过实验进行探索。这篇小型综述简要介绍了我们目前对异化硫酸盐还原过程中硫同位素效应的理解及其潜在的定量应用。它强调了硫酸盐呼吸作为利用氧阴离子作为末端电子受体的其他呼吸途径同位素研究的模型系统的重要性。
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What Controls the Sulfur Isotope Fractionation during Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction?

Sulfate often behaves conservatively in the oxygenated environments but serves as an electron acceptor for microbial respiration in a wide range of natural and engineered systems where oxygen is depleted. As a ubiquitous anaerobic dissimilatory pathway, therefore, microbial reduction of sulfate to sulfide has been of continuing interest in the field of microbiology, ecology, biochemistry, and geochemistry. Stable isotopes of sulfur are an effective tool for tracking this catabolic process as microorganisms discriminate strongly against heavy isotopes when cleaving the sulfur–oxygen bond. Along with its high preservation potential in environmental archives, a wide variation in the sulfur isotope effects can provide insights into the physiology of sulfate reducing microorganisms across temporal and spatial barriers. A vast array of parameters, including phylogeny, temperature, respiration rate, and availability of sulfate, electron donor, and other essential nutrients, has been explored as a possible determinant of the magnitude of isotope fractionation, and there is now a broad consensus that the relative availability of sulfate and electron donors primarily controls the magnitude of fractionation. As the ratio shifts toward sulfate, the sulfur isotope fractionation increases. The results of conceptual models, centered on the reversibility of each enzymatic step in the dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway, are in qualitative agreement with the observations, although the underlying intracellular mechanisms that translate the external stimuli into the isotopic phenotype remain largely unexplored experimentally. This minireview offers a snapshot of our current understanding of the sulfur isotope effects during dissimilatory sulfate reduction as well as their potential quantitative applications. It emphasizes the importance of sulfate respiration as a model system for the isotopic investigation of other respiratory pathways that utilize oxyanions as terminal electron acceptors.

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ACS Environmental Au
ACS Environmental Au 环境科学-
CiteScore
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期刊介绍: ACS Environmental Au is an open access journal which publishes experimental research and theoretical results in all aspects of environmental science and technology both pure and applied. Short letters comprehensive articles reviews and perspectives are welcome in the following areas:Alternative EnergyAnthropogenic Impacts on Atmosphere Soil or WaterBiogeochemical CyclingBiomass or Wastes as ResourcesContaminants in Aquatic and Terrestrial EnvironmentsEnvironmental Data ScienceEcotoxicology and Public HealthEnergy and ClimateEnvironmental Modeling Processes and Measurement Methods and TechnologiesEnvironmental Nanotechnology and BiotechnologyGreen ChemistryGreen Manufacturing and EngineeringRisk assessment Regulatory Frameworks and Life-Cycle AssessmentsTreatment and Resource Recovery and Waste Management
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