o -粘蛋白降解糖活性酶及其在炎症性肠病中的可能意义。

IF 5.6 2区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Essays in biochemistry Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI:10.1042/EBC20220153
Aurore Labourel, Jean-Luc Parrou, Céline Deraison, Muriel Mercier-Bonin, Sophie Lajus, Gabrielle Potocki-Veronese
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引用次数: 1

摘要

炎症性肠病(IBD)是一种现代疾病,其发病率在世界范围内呈上升趋势。它们与肠道微生物群的扰动以及以其为食的共生细菌对粘液屏障的改变和穿越有关。由于黏液主要由O-和n -聚糖组成,因此在黏液分解代谢和肠道细菌入侵的过程中,糖酶(CAZymes)起着至关重要的作用。此外,IBD的发生似乎与低纤维饮食有关。相反,补充低聚糖,如人乳低聚糖(HMOs),其结构与肠粘蛋白相似,因此可以与它们竞争细菌黏液降解酶,已被认为可以预防炎症。在这篇综述中,我们将建立关于从培养和未培养的肠道共生菌和肠道病原体中鉴定和鉴定黏液降解酶的知识现状,并特别关注目前的技术机会,通过将微流体学与宏基因组学和培养组学相结合,进一步发现整个肠道微生物组中黏液降解酶。最后,我们将讨论需要克服的挑战,以便更好地评估针对特定功能寡糖的CAZymes如何参与IBD背景下肠道细菌与其宿主之间粘液驱动的串扰的调节。
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O-Mucin-degrading carbohydrate-active enzymes and their possible implication in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are modern diseases, with incidence rising around the world. They are associated with perturbation of the intestinal microbiota, and with alteration and crossing of the mucus barrier by the commensal bacteria that feed on it. In the process of mucus catabolism and invasion by gut bacteria, carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) play a critical role since mucus is mainly made up by O- and N-glycans. Moreover, the occurrence of IBD seems to be associated with low-fiber diets. Conversely, supplementation with oligosaccharides, such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are structurally similar to intestinal mucins and could thus compete with them towards bacterial mucus-degrading CAZymes, has been suggested to prevent inflammation. In this mini-review, we will establish the current state of knowledge regarding the identification and characterization of mucus-degrading enzymes from both cultured and uncultured species of gut commensals and enteropathogens, with a particular focus on the present technological opportunities available to further the discovery of mucus-degrading CAZymes within the entire gut microbiome, by coupling microfluidics with metagenomics and culturomics. Finally, we will discuss the challenges to overcome to better assess how CAZymes targeting specific functional oligosaccharides could be involved in the modulation of the mucus-driven cross-talk between gut bacteria and their host in the context of IBD.

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来源期刊
Essays in biochemistry
Essays in biochemistry 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
105
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Essays in Biochemistry publishes short, digestible reviews from experts highlighting recent key topics in biochemistry and the molecular biosciences. Written to be accessible for those not yet immersed in the subject, each article is an up-to-date, self-contained summary of the topic. Bridging the gap between the latest research and established textbooks, Essays in Biochemistry will tell you what you need to know to begin exploring the field, as each article includes the top take-home messages as summary points. Each issue of the journal is guest edited by a key opinion leader in the area, and whether you are continuing your studies or moving into a new research area, the Journal gives a complete picture in one place. Essays in Biochemistry is proud to publish Understanding Biochemistry, an essential online resource for post-16 students, teachers and undergraduates. Providing up-to-date overviews of key concepts in biochemistry and the molecular biosciences, the Understanding Biochemistry issues of Essays in Biochemistry are published annually in October.
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