流产、流产和疾病。

IF 1.3 3区 哲学 Q3 ETHICS Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI:10.1093/jmp/jhad012
Tom Waters
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引用次数: 1

摘要

因流产死亡的频率非常高,超过了因人工流产或重大疾病死亡的人数。Berg (2017, Philosophical Studies 174:1217-26)认为,鉴于此,那些主张人格始于受孕(PAC)的人有义务相应地重新调整他们的资源,以阻止流产,而不是阻止堕胎或疾病。这一论点基于这些死亡之间存在基本的道德相似性。我认为,对于那些坚持PAC的人来说,有很好的理由认为没有这种相似性。在道德上,防止杀戮和放任死亡是有区别的,这让政治行动委员会的支持者有理由优先考虑减少堕胎,而不是减少流产。时间相对利益解释提供了一种道德上的差异在流产死亡和出生成人死亡的坏处上,证明了对抗重大疾病的努力比对抗流产的努力更有道理。我考虑了最近文献的发展,并认为这些新的论点在建立流产和堕胎死亡以及流产和疾病死亡之间的道德相似性方面是失败的。
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Miscarriage, Abortion, and Disease.

The frequency of death from miscarriage is very high, greater than the number of deaths from induced abortion or major diseases. Berg (2017 , Philosophical Studies 174:1217-26) argues that, given this, those who contend that personhood begins at conception (PAC) are obliged to reorient their resources accordingly-towards stopping miscarriage, in preference to stopping abortion or diseases. This argument depends on there being a basic moral similarity between these deaths. I argue that, for those that hold to PAC, there are good reasons to think that there is no such similarity. There is a morally relevant difference between preventing killing and letting die, giving PAC supporters reasons to prioritize reducing abortion over reducing miscarriage. And the time-relative interest account provides a morally relevant difference in the badness of death of miscarriages and deaths of born adults, justifying attempts to combat major diseases over attempts to combat miscarriage. I consider recent developments in the literature and contend that these new arguments are unsuccessful in establishing moral similarities between deaths from miscarriage and abortion, and deaths from miscarriage and disease.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
6.20%
发文量
30
期刊介绍: This bimonthly publication explores the shared themes and concerns of philosophy and the medical sciences. Central issues in medical research and practice have important philosophical dimensions, for, in treating disease and promoting health, medicine involves presuppositions about human goals and values. Conversely, the concerns of philosophy often significantly relate to those of medicine, as philosophers seek to understand the nature of medical knowledge and the human condition in the modern world. In addition, recent developments in medical technology and treatment create moral problems that raise important philosophical questions. The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy aims to provide an ongoing forum for the discussion of such themes and issues.
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