Charles E Mackel, Harry Rosenberg, Hemant Varma, Erik J Uhlmann, Rafael A Vega, Ron L Alterman
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The average age at brain metastasis was 46.6±17.6 years and occurred at a median of 24±2.8 months from primary diagnosis. Primary tumor histology (dedifferentiated 5.0±1.5 months, mesenchymal 24±3.0 months, conventional 41±7.4 months, <i>p</i><0.05) and grade (low grade 54±16.7 months vs. high-grade 10±6.4 months, <i>p</i><0.001) correlated with time interval until brain metastasis. A multiple enchondromatosis syndrome occurred in 13.2% of cases. At time of brain metastases diagnosis, extracranial metastases were identified in 76.2% of cases. Median survival after the development of brain metastasis was 2.0±0.78 months with a 1-year survival of 10.0%. On regression analysis, surgery reduced brain metastasis mortality risk and radiation trended towards reduced mortality risk (surgery: hazard ratio [HR] 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.064-0.763, <i>p</i>=0.017; radiation: HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.091-1.072, <i>p</i>=0.064).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We present a systematic review of cerebral chondrosarcoma metastases. Primary tumor histology and grade correlate with time until cerebral metastasis. Following cerebral metastasis, these tumors have poor prognosis and modestly benefit from surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":72453,"journal":{"name":"Brain tumor research and treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/73/bb/btrt-11-103.PMC10172009.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Intracranial Metastasis of Extracranial Chondrosarcoma: Systematic Review With Illustrative Case.\",\"authors\":\"Charles E Mackel, Harry Rosenberg, Hemant Varma, Erik J Uhlmann, Rafael A Vega, Ron L Alterman\",\"doi\":\"10.14791/btrt.2023.0003\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cerebral chondrosarcoma metastases are rare and aggressive neoplasms. The rarity of presentation has precluded rigorous analysis of diagnosis, risk factors, treatment, and survival. We analyzed every reported case through exhaustive literature review. We further present the first case with Maffucci syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three databases, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, and crossed references were queried for cerebral chondrosarcoma metastases. Extracted variables included demographics, risk factors, tumor characteristics, interventions, and outcomes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-six patients were included from 1,489 literature results. The average age at brain metastasis was 46.6±17.6 years and occurred at a median of 24±2.8 months from primary diagnosis. Primary tumor histology (dedifferentiated 5.0±1.5 months, mesenchymal 24±3.0 months, conventional 41±7.4 months, <i>p</i><0.05) and grade (low grade 54±16.7 months vs. high-grade 10±6.4 months, <i>p</i><0.001) correlated with time interval until brain metastasis. A multiple enchondromatosis syndrome occurred in 13.2% of cases. At time of brain metastases diagnosis, extracranial metastases were identified in 76.2% of cases. Median survival after the development of brain metastasis was 2.0±0.78 months with a 1-year survival of 10.0%. On regression analysis, surgery reduced brain metastasis mortality risk and radiation trended towards reduced mortality risk (surgery: hazard ratio [HR] 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.064-0.763, <i>p</i>=0.017; radiation: HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.091-1.072, <i>p</i>=0.064).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We present a systematic review of cerebral chondrosarcoma metastases. Primary tumor histology and grade correlate with time until cerebral metastasis. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:脑软骨肉瘤转移是一种罕见的侵袭性肿瘤。罕见的表现妨碍了对诊断、危险因素、治疗和生存的严格分析。我们通过详尽的文献回顾分析了每一个报告的病例。我们进一步提出第一例马夫奇综合征。方法:检索PubMed、Embase、Google Scholar 3个数据库和交叉参考文献,查找脑软骨肉瘤转移病例。提取的变量包括人口统计学、危险因素、肿瘤特征、干预措施和结果。进行单因素和多因素分析。结果:从1489篇文献结果中纳入56例患者。脑转移的平均年龄为46.6±17.6岁,发生时间中位数为24±2.8个月。原发肿瘤组织学(去分化5.0±1.5个月,间充质24±3.0个月,常规41±7.4个月,ppp=0.017;辐射:HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.091 ~ 1.072, p=0.064)。结论:我们对脑软骨肉瘤转移进行了系统回顾。原发肿瘤的组织学和分级与脑转移的时间有关。脑转移后,这些肿瘤预后差,手术获益不大。
Intracranial Metastasis of Extracranial Chondrosarcoma: Systematic Review With Illustrative Case.
Background: Cerebral chondrosarcoma metastases are rare and aggressive neoplasms. The rarity of presentation has precluded rigorous analysis of diagnosis, risk factors, treatment, and survival. We analyzed every reported case through exhaustive literature review. We further present the first case with Maffucci syndrome.
Methods: Three databases, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, and crossed references were queried for cerebral chondrosarcoma metastases. Extracted variables included demographics, risk factors, tumor characteristics, interventions, and outcomes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.
Results: Fifty-six patients were included from 1,489 literature results. The average age at brain metastasis was 46.6±17.6 years and occurred at a median of 24±2.8 months from primary diagnosis. Primary tumor histology (dedifferentiated 5.0±1.5 months, mesenchymal 24±3.0 months, conventional 41±7.4 months, p<0.05) and grade (low grade 54±16.7 months vs. high-grade 10±6.4 months, p<0.001) correlated with time interval until brain metastasis. A multiple enchondromatosis syndrome occurred in 13.2% of cases. At time of brain metastases diagnosis, extracranial metastases were identified in 76.2% of cases. Median survival after the development of brain metastasis was 2.0±0.78 months with a 1-year survival of 10.0%. On regression analysis, surgery reduced brain metastasis mortality risk and radiation trended towards reduced mortality risk (surgery: hazard ratio [HR] 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.064-0.763, p=0.017; radiation: HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.091-1.072, p=0.064).
Conclusion: We present a systematic review of cerebral chondrosarcoma metastases. Primary tumor histology and grade correlate with time until cerebral metastasis. Following cerebral metastasis, these tumors have poor prognosis and modestly benefit from surgery.