与认知健康标志物相关的五因素模型人格领域和方面。

IF 1.2 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Journal of Individual Differences Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-21 DOI:10.1027/1614-0001/a000383
Angelina R Sutin, Martina Luchetti, Damaris Aschwanden, Amanda A Sesker, Xianghe Zhu, Yannick Stephan, Antonio Terracciano
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引用次数: 2

摘要

本研究使用不同的年龄分层样本(N=3478;年龄范围18-90),考察了五因素模型人格特征(领域和方面)与认知健康三项指标(处理速度、视觉空间能力、主观记忆)之间的横断面关联,以及这些关联是否因年龄、种族和民族而异。与有关人格和认知健康的文献一致,较高的开放性和尽责性与较好的认知表现和主观记忆有关,而较高的神经质与较慢的处理速度和较差的主观记忆有关但与视觉空间能力无关。适度分析表明,与年轻人和老年人相比,中年人的一些关联更强,但在不同种族和民族之间普遍相似。方面层面的分析表明,每个领域的组成部分与认知功能最密切相关(例如,尽责性的责任方面),并表明同一领域内各方面之间存在一些差异(例如,抑郁与较差的表现有关,而焦虑与表现无关;社交能力是外向性与较差表现有关的唯一方面)。目前的研究与关于个性和认知的更大文献一致,并通过记录各个方面和人口群体的相似性和差异来扩展它。
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Five-Factor Model Personality Domains and Facets Associated with Markers of Cognitive Health.

Using a diverse, age-stratified sample (N=3,478; age range 18-90) this study examines the cross-sectional association between five-factor model personality traits - domains and facets - and three measures of cognitive health - processing speed, visuospatial ability, subjective memory - and whether these associations vary by age, race, and ethnicity. Consistent with the literature on personality and cognitive health, higher openness and conscientiousness were associated with better cognitive performance and subjective memory, whereas higher neuroticism was associated with slower processing speed and worse subjective memory but was unrelated to visuospatial ability. Moderation analyses suggested some associations were stronger in midlife compared to younger and older adulthood but were generally similar across race and ethnicity. The facet-level analyses indicated the components of each domain most strongly associated with cognitive function (e.g., the responsibility facet of conscientiousness) and suggested some differences across facets within the same domain (e.g., depression was associated with worse performance, whereas anxiety was unrelated to performance; sociability was the only facet of extraversion associated with worse performance). The present research is consistent with the larger literature on personality and cognition and extends it by documenting similarities and differences across facets and demographic groups.

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来源期刊
Journal of Individual Differences
Journal of Individual Differences PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
25
期刊介绍: Researchers, teachers, and students interested in all areas of individual differences (e.g., gender, temperament, personality, intelligence) and their assessment in human and animal research will find the Journal of Individual Differences useful. The Journal of Individual Differences publishes manuscripts dealing with individual differences in behavior, emotion, cognition, and their developmental aspects. This includes human as well as animal research. The Journal of Individual Differences is conceptualized to bring together researchers working in different areas ranging from, for example, molecular genetics to theories of complex behavior.
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