Assuring safe artificial intelligence in critical ambulance service response: study protocol.

Introduction: Early recognition of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) by ambulance service call centre operators is important so that cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be delivered immediately, but around 25% of OHCAs are not picked up by call centre operators. An artificial intelligence (AI) system has been developed to support call centre operators in the detection of OHCA. The study aims to (1) explore ambulance service stakeholder perceptions on the safety of OHCA AI decision support in call centres, and (2) develop a clinical safety case for the OHCA AI decision-support system.

Methods and analysis: The study will be undertaken within the Welsh Ambulance Service. The study is part research and part service evaluation. The research utilises a qualitative study design based on thematic analysis of interview data. The service evaluation consists of the development of a clinical safety case based on document analysis, analysis of the AI model and its development process and informal interviews with the technology developer.

Conclusions: AI presents many opportunities for ambulance services, but safety assurance requirements need to be understood. The ASSIST project will continue to explore and build the body of knowledge in this area.