类器官研究的挑战。

IF 12.1 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Annual review of neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-07-08 Epub Date: 2022-01-05 DOI:10.1146/annurev-neuro-111020-090812
Madeline G Andrews, Arnold R Kriegstein
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引用次数: 0

摘要

类器官是衍生自人类多能干细胞的3D细胞培养系统,包含组织固有细胞类型,并反映早期组织组织的特征。考虑到发育中的人脑组织缺乏可及性和神经系统疾病的难治性,神经类器官是一项特别创新的科学进步。神经类器官已经成为一种宝贵的方法来模拟人类大脑发育的特征,而这些特征在动物模型中没有得到很好的反映。类器官也有望用于研究强调神经疾病的非典型细胞、分子和遗传特征。此外,类器官可以为测试人类细胞中的治疗方法提供平台,并且是脑损伤或疾病的细胞替代方法的潜在来源。尽管类器官具有很有前景的特征,但它们的广泛用途受到了各种有待克服的限制,包括缺乏高保真细胞类型、成熟度有限、非典型生理学和缺乏区域化,这些特征可能会限制它们在某些应用中的可靠性。
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Challenges of Organoid Research.

Organoids are 3D cell culture systems derived from human pluripotent stem cells that contain tissue resident cell types and reflect features of early tissue organization. Neural organoids are a particularly innovative scientific advance given the lack of accessibility of developing human brain tissue and intractability of neurological diseases. Neural organoids have become an invaluable approach to model features of human brain development that are not well reflected in animal models. Organoids also hold promise for the study of atypical cellular, molecular, and genetic features that underscore neurological diseases. Additionally, organoids may provide a platform for testing therapeutics in human cells and are a potential source for cell replacement approaches to brain injury or disease. Despite the promising features of organoids, their broad utility is tempered by a variety of limitations yet to be overcome, including lack of high-fidelity cell types, limited maturation, atypical physiology, and lack of arealization, features that may limit their reliability for certain applications.

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来源期刊
Annual review of neuroscience
Annual review of neuroscience 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
25.30
自引率
0.70%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Neuroscience is a well-established and comprehensive journal in the field of neuroscience, with a rich history and a commitment to open access and scholarly communication. The journal has been in publication since 1978, providing a long-standing source of authoritative reviews in neuroscience. The Annual Review of Neuroscience encompasses a wide range of topics within neuroscience, including but not limited to: Molecular and cellular neuroscience, Neurogenetics, Developmental neuroscience, Neural plasticity and repair, Systems neuroscience, Cognitive neuroscience, Behavioral neuroscience, Neurobiology of disease. Occasionally, the journal also features reviews on the history of neuroscience and ethical considerations within the field.
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