与医疗保健专业人员吸毒相关的风险和保护因素:系统回顾。

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-21 DOI:10.1080/02791072.2023.2227173
Jorge Medina-Martínez, Marta Aliño, Andrea Vázquez-Martínez, Víctor José Villanueva-Blasco, Irene Cano-López
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引用次数: 0

摘要

医疗保健专业人员面临的压力环境可能会导致他们更容易使用药物。本系统综述旨在总结与医护人员使用、滥用和依赖酒精、烟草、精神活性药物和大麻相关的风险和保护因素。根据 PRISMA 建议,我们在 PsycINFO、Web of Science、PubMed/MEDLINE、Embase、Scopus 和 Cochrane Library 中进行了系统检索。搜索结果显示有 1523 项研究,其中 19 项被选中。确定的风险因素包括人口统计学因素(即男性性别和单身/离异婚姻状况)、精神病理学因素、社会因素、对毒品的积极态度、不健康的生活习惯、COVID-19 大流行以及同时使用多种药物。保护性因素包括人口因素(即种族和有受抚养子女)、健康的生活习惯和工作场所的禁毒政策(即限制使用烟草)。这些研究结果突出表明,有必要针对医护专业人员的吸毒行为采取预防措施,以改善他们的健康状况并减少对其医护工作可能产生的负面影响。了解了可改变的风险和保护因素,就可以将这些因素作为预防行动的组成部分,而不可改变的因素(如人口统计学变量)可能有助于发现更易受影响的群体,从而建议在这一人群中采取有选择性的预防行动。
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Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Drug Use in Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review.

Healthcare professionals are exposed to stressful situations that may favor substance use vulnerability. This systematic review aims to synthesize the risk and protective factors associated with use, abuse, and dependence of alcohol, tobacco, psychoactive drugs, and cannabis in healthcare professionals. Following PRISMA recommendations, a systematic search was performed in PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. The search yielded 1523 studies, of which 19 were selected. The identified risk factors were demographic factors (i.e. male gender, and single/divorced marital status), psychopathological factors, social factors, positive attitudes toward drugs, unhealthy lifestyle habits, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the coexistence of the use of several substances. The protective factors were demographic factors (i.e. ethnicity and having dependent children), healthy lifestyle habits, and workplace anti-drug policies (i.e. restriction of tobacco use). These findings highlight the need for preventive actions against drug use in healthcare professionals to improve their health and reduce the possible negative impact on their healthcare practice. Knowledge of modifiable risk and protective factors allows their incorporation as components in preventive actions, and non-modifiable factors (e.g. demographic variables) may contribute to the detection of groups of greater vulnerability to propose selective prevention actions in this population.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
7.10%
发文量
62
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