Lower urinary tract symptoms as an independent predictor of aortic regurgitation in women with cardiac symptoms.

Background: Very few studies have focused on the correlation between structural heart disease and lower urinary tract symptoms. In this study, we applied echocardiography to explore the correlation between lower urinary tract symptoms and structural heart disease.

Methods: In this single-center, prospective, cross-sectional study, we enrolled adult women undergoing echocardiography for suspected cardiac abnormalities causing cardiac symptoms between February 1, 2021, and March 31, 2021. All participants completed a questionnaire regarding demographic information and lower urinary tract symptoms, which were assessed according to the International Prostate Symptom Score.

Results: A total of 165 women aged 69.96 ± 10.20 years were enrolled. The prevalence of moderate-to-severe aortic regurgitation in patients with moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms was significantly higher than that in patients with mild lower urinary tract symptoms (33.3% vs 13.6%, p = 0.008). The prevalence of other echocardiographic abnormalities was not associated with severity of lower urinary tract symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms predicted moderate-to-severe aortic regurgitation ( p = 0.007; odds ratio: 3.560; 95% confidence interval: 1.409-8.993). Furthermore, the International Prostate Symptom Score storage subscore ( p = 0.001; odds ratio: 1.285; 95% confidence interval: 1.111-1.486), except the voiding subscore, was an independent predictor of moderate-to-severe aortic regurgitation.

Conclusion: Moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms, especially storage symptoms, are an independent predictor of the co-existence of moderate-to-severe aortic regurgitation in women with cardiac symptoms. Early cardiological referral of patients with moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms and cardiac symptoms may improve their general health.