与蔬菜消费、接触抗微生物菌株和农药残留有关的食品风险。

IF 1.8 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Italian Journal of Food Safety Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI:10.4081/ijfs.2023.11134
Annamaria Castello, Giovanni Lo Cascio, Clelia Ferraro, Licia Pantano, Antonella Costa, Gaspare Butera, Giuseppa Oliveri, Maria Laura Rizzuto, Rosa Alduina, Cinzia Cardamone
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本初步研究旨在检测西西里岛出售供人类食用的蔬菜中的生物和化学污染物,评估这些食品中抗菌素抗性(AMR)菌株的传播情况,并表征其抗菌素抗性基因。共分析了29个新鲜和即食样品。微生物学分析检测沙门氏菌、肠球菌、肠杆菌科和大肠杆菌。根据临床和实验室标准协会的指导方针,采用Kirby-Bauer法评估抗菌素耐药性。采用高效液相色谱、气相色谱联用质谱法对农药进行检测。样品中未检出沙门氏菌,1份新鲜生菜样品中检出大肠杆菌,细菌计数较低(2 log cfu/g)。17.24%的蔬菜被肠球菌污染,65.5%的蔬菜被肠杆菌科污染,细菌数量分别在1.56 ~ 5.93 log cfu/g和1.6 ~ 5.48 log cfu/g之间。从86.2%的蔬菜中分离出53株AMR菌株,其中10/53株为耐多药菌株。分子分析表明,在12/38株β-内酰胺耐药/中耐药菌株中检测到blaTEM基因。在7/10株中检测到四环素耐药基因(tetA、tetB、tetC、tetD、tetW)。1/5喹诺酮耐药菌株中检测到qnrS基因,1/4磺胺耐药/中耐药菌株中检测到sulI基因,未检测到sulIII基因。农药检出率为27.3%,全部为叶类蔬菜。尽管样品的卫生状况令人满意,但检测到的AMR细菌的高比例强调需要对这些食品进行有效监测,并采取适当的策略来抵消AMR细菌沿农业链的传播。此外,蔬菜的化学污染不应被低估,特别是考虑到叶菜通常是生吃的,而且没有关于即食蔬菜中农药最大残留限量的官方指导方针。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Food risk associated with vegetable consumption, exposure to antimicrobial-resistant strains and pesticide residues.

This preliminary study aimed to detect biological and chemical contaminants in vegetables sold in Sicily for human consumption, assess the spread of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) strains in these foods, and characterize their antimicrobial-resistance genes. A total of 29 fresh and ready-to-eat samples were analyzed. Microbiological analyses were performed for the detection of Salmonella spp. and the enumeration of Enterococci, Enterobacteriaceae, and Escherichia coli. Antimicrobial resistance was assessed by the Kirby-Bauer method, according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Pesticides were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. No samples were contaminated by Salmonella spp., E. coli was detected in 1 sample of fresh lettuce at a low bacterial count (2 log cfu/g). 17.24% of vegetables were contaminated by Enterococci and 65.5% by Enterobacteriaceae (bacterial counts between 1.56 log cfu/g and 5.93 log cfu/g and between 1.6 log cfu/g and 5.48 log cfu/g respectively). From 86.2% of vegetables, 53 AMR strains were isolated, and 10/53 isolates were multidrug resistant. Molecular analysis showed that the blaTEM gene was detected in 12/38 β-lactam-resistant/intermediate-resistant isolates. Genes conferring tetracycline resistance (tetA, tetB, tetC, tetD, tetW) were detected in 7/10 isolates. The qnrS gene was detected in 1/5 quinolone-resistant isolates, the sulI gene was detected in 1/4 sulfonamide- resistant/intermediate-resistant isolates and the sulIII gene was never detected. Pesticides were detected in 27.3% of samples, all of which were leafy vegetables. Despite the satisfactory hygienic status of samples, the high percentage of AMR bacteria detected stresses the need for an effective monitoring of these foods as well as adequate strategies to counteract the spread of AMR bacteria along the agricultural chain. Also, the chemical contamination of vegetables should not be underestimated, especially considering that leafy vegetables are commonly consumed raw and that no official guidelines about maximum residue limits of pesticides in ready-to-eat vegetables are available.

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来源期刊
Italian Journal of Food Safety
Italian Journal of Food Safety FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
审稿时长
10 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Food Safety (IJFS) is the official journal of the Italian Association of Veterinary Food Hygienists (AIVI). The Journal addresses veterinary food hygienists, specialists in the food industry and experts offering technical support and advice on food of animal origin. The Journal of Food Safety publishes original research papers concerning food safety and hygiene, animal health, zoonoses and food safety, food safety economics. Reviews, editorials, technical reports, brief notes, conference proceedings, letters to the Editor, book reviews are also welcome. Every article published in the Journal will be peer-reviewed by experts in the field and selected by members of the editorial board. The publication of manuscripts is subject to the approval of the Editor who has knowledge of the field discussed in the manuscript in accordance with the principles of Peer Review; referees will be selected from the Editorial Board or among qualified scientists of the international scientific community. Articles must be written in English and must adhere to the guidelines and details contained in the Instructions to Authors.
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