Dynamic changes and clinic significance of serum high mobility group box 1 in patients with total hip arthroplasty.

Background: Deeper understanding on the risk factors and seeking potential predicted biomarkers for prognosis of total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients are of great significance. Limited researches focused the correlation between high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB1) and the prognosis of THA patients.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of HMGB1 and inflammatory factors in patients underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: The present prospective study enrolled 208 THA patients who went to our hospital during January 2020 to January 2022. Serum levels of HMGB1, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1b (IL-1β), and IL-6 were detected at the admission, 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, 30 days, and 90 days after surgery. The levels of Harris score, Fugl-Meyer, 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36), and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were detected on 90 days after surgery in two groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was performed for analyzing the diagnostic value of HMGB1 and logistic regression model was used for identifying the risk factor for poor prognosis of THA patients.

Results: Serum levels of HMGB1 and inflammatory factors increased after surgery compared with the baselines. A positive correlation was found between HMGB1 and CRP on 1 day after surgery, and positive correlations were found among HMGB1, IL-1β, and IL-6 on 3 day after surgery. Besides, low HMGB1 reduced the incidence of post-operative complications and improved prognosis of THA patients.

Conclusion: Serum HMGB1 was correlated with inflammatory factors and the prognosis of THA patients.