退伍军人因心理健康和酗酒问题寻求帮助的有利因素和障碍:定量证据的系统回顾。

IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Journal of Health Services Research & Policy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-13 DOI:10.1177/13558196221149930
Catherine Hitch, Paul Toner, Cherie Armour
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摘要

目的:关于退伍军人在寻求解决心理健康问题的过程中存在的促进因素和障碍的研究结果并不明确。为了正确识别促进因素和障碍,本研究系统地回顾了相关文献,包括包含酒精和有明确定义的退伍军人人群的研究:方法:检索了六个数据库。纳入标准规定,经验性研究必须与退伍军人有关,他们已停止服兵役,并因精神健康不佳和/或酗酒问题寻求帮助。采用批判性评估技能计划和 AXIS 评估工具来评估质量和偏差。采用叙事综合法进行分析。从筛选出的 2044 项研究中,纳入了 12 项研究,涉及 5501 名参与者:结果:共发现 44 项促进因素和障碍,其中 32 项具有统计学意义。创伤后应激障碍是退伍军人寻求帮助的最大障碍。抑郁、焦虑、经验和态度也是促成因素/障碍。大多数研究的方法质量尚可。局限性包括样本偏向于美国退伍军人。有关退伍军人的研究很少:退伍军人寻求帮助的原因可能是不良的心理健康症状和合并症,这表明退伍军人在寻求帮助之前已经达到了危机点。需要对酒精滥用和态度形成进行进一步研究。该领域还将受益于其他研究设计,包括对非美国参与者的定性研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Enablers and barriers to military veterans seeking help for mental health and alcohol difficulties: A systematic review of the quantitative evidence.

Objective: Research exploring the enablers and barriers that exist for military veterans seeking to address their poor mental health has produced ambiguous results. To identify the enablers and barriers correctly, this study systematically reviews the literature, including research that included alcohol and had a clearly defined veteran population.

Methods: Six databases were searched. Inclusion criteria specified that empirical studies related to veterans that had ceased military service and were seeking help for poor mental health and/or alcohol difficulties. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme and AXIS appraisal tools were used to assess quality and bias. A narrative synthesis approach was adopted for analysis. From 2044 studies screened, 12 were included featuring 5501 participants.

Results: Forty-four enablers and barriers were identified, with thirty-two being statistically significant. Post-traumatic stress disorder had the greatest number of enabler/barrier endorsements to veterans seeking help. Depression, anxiety, experience and attitudes also acted as enablers/barriers. Most studies were of fair methodological quality. Limitations included that samples were skewed towards US army veterans. Little research exists concerning those that have ceased military service.

Conclusions: Veteran help-seeking is likely enabled by poor mental health symptomology and comorbidity, which suggests veterans reach a crisis point before they seek help. Further research on alcohol misuse and attitude formation is required. The field would also benefit from alternative study designs including qualitative studies with non-US participants.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
4.20%
发文量
39
期刊介绍: Journal of Health Services Research & Policy provides a unique opportunity to explore the ideas, policies and decisions shaping health services throughout the world. Edited and peer-reviewed by experts in the field and with a high academic standard and multidisciplinary approach, readers will gain a greater understanding of the current issues in healthcare policy and research. The journal"s strong international editorial advisory board also ensures that readers obtain a truly global and insightful perspective.
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