{"title":"利用新型载体系统探索环孢素治疗眼科适应症的潜力。","authors":"Garima Rawat, Shital Kolhe, Dhwani Rana, Sagar Salave, Derajram Benival","doi":"10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2022043085","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyclosporine (CsA) stays the most intangible molecule holding a good history for treating several ophthalmic conditions and it even attributes to multiple off-label uses. Topical delivery of CsA is the most preferred route but owing to the molecule's physicochemical properties such as poor aqueous solubility and high molecular weight as well as its encounter with multiple barriers of eye causes hindrance for proper delivery of the molecule to the site of action. However, Restasis®, Cequa®, and Verkazia® are the marketed formulations that have been approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration, whereas Cyclokat® and Ikervis® by the European Medicines Agency. Although these medications are in use, they are associated with severe discomfort and poor patient compliance. This review gives an overview regarding current formulations available in the market, the products in pipeline and the recent advances undertaken for improving ocular delivery of CsA for various ophthalmic indications.</p>","PeriodicalId":50614,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems","volume":"40 5","pages":"1-45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Cyclosporine for Ophthalmic Indications by Novel Carrier Systems.\",\"authors\":\"Garima Rawat, Shital Kolhe, Dhwani Rana, Sagar Salave, Derajram Benival\",\"doi\":\"10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2022043085\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Cyclosporine (CsA) stays the most intangible molecule holding a good history for treating several ophthalmic conditions and it even attributes to multiple off-label uses. Topical delivery of CsA is the most preferred route but owing to the molecule's physicochemical properties such as poor aqueous solubility and high molecular weight as well as its encounter with multiple barriers of eye causes hindrance for proper delivery of the molecule to the site of action. However, Restasis®, Cequa®, and Verkazia® are the marketed formulations that have been approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration, whereas Cyclokat® and Ikervis® by the European Medicines Agency. Although these medications are in use, they are associated with severe discomfort and poor patient compliance. This review gives an overview regarding current formulations available in the market, the products in pipeline and the recent advances undertaken for improving ocular delivery of CsA for various ophthalmic indications.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50614,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems\",\"volume\":\"40 5\",\"pages\":\"1-45\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2022043085\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2022043085","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Cyclosporine for Ophthalmic Indications by Novel Carrier Systems.
Cyclosporine (CsA) stays the most intangible molecule holding a good history for treating several ophthalmic conditions and it even attributes to multiple off-label uses. Topical delivery of CsA is the most preferred route but owing to the molecule's physicochemical properties such as poor aqueous solubility and high molecular weight as well as its encounter with multiple barriers of eye causes hindrance for proper delivery of the molecule to the site of action. However, Restasis®, Cequa®, and Verkazia® are the marketed formulations that have been approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration, whereas Cyclokat® and Ikervis® by the European Medicines Agency. Although these medications are in use, they are associated with severe discomfort and poor patient compliance. This review gives an overview regarding current formulations available in the market, the products in pipeline and the recent advances undertaken for improving ocular delivery of CsA for various ophthalmic indications.
期刊介绍：
Therapeutic uses of a variety of drug carrier systems have significant impact on the treatment and potential cure of many chronic diseases, including cancer, diabetes mellitus, psoriasis, parkinsons, Alzheimer, rheumatoid arthritis, HIV infection, infectious diseases, asthma, and drug addiction. Scientific efforts in these areas are multidisciplinary, involving the physical, biological, medical, pharmaceutical, biological materials, and engineering fields.
Articles concerning this field appear in a wide variety of journals. With the vast increase in the number of articles and the tendency to fragment science, it becomes increasingly difficult to keep abreast of the literature and to sort out and evaluate the importance and reliability of the data, especially when proprietary considerations are involved. Abstracts and noncritical articles often do not provide a sufficiently reliable basis for proper assessment of a given field without the additional perusal of the original literature. This journal bridges this gap by publishing authoritative, objective, comprehensive multidisciplinary critical review papers with emphasis on formulation and delivery systems. Both invited and contributed articles are subject to peer review.
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