抗拒改变,抗拒行为和理论。

IF 1.4 3区 心理学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1002/jeab.875
Andrew R. Craig
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引用次数: 0

摘要

操作行为在被破坏时的持续性往往与过去强化物的使用频率呈正相关。行为动量理论将这一发现描述为巴甫洛夫过程的结果。也就是说,歧视性刺激和在它们存在的情况下提供的强化物之间的关系加强了行为,从而使其更有可能持续下去。要是故事这么简单就好了。越来越多的发现挑战了行为动量理论的基本原理。一些人甚至质疑巴甫洛夫关系是否有助于持久存在。在这篇论文中,我将回顾行为动量理论和一些对该理论有问题的数据。我认为,尽管存在这些非常现实的挑战,但该理论不仅对反应持续性的基本分析,而且对旨在长期减少问题行为的临床干预措施都具有重要的实用性。例如,它为发展对变革阻力的替代概念分析奠定了基础,其中两项将向读者重点介绍。此外,行为动量理论可能会告诉我们一些重要的信息,说明它继续对该领域产生影响的原因,尽管有具有挑战性的数据阻止了它。
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Resistance to change, of behavior and of theory

The persistence of operant behavior when disrupted tends to be positively related to how often reinforcers were delivered in the past. Behavioral momentum theory describes this finding as the outcome of Pavlovian processes. That is, the relation between discriminative stimuli and reinforcers that were delivered in their presence strengthens behavior, thereby making it more likely to persist. If only the story were that simple. A growing number of findings challenge the basic tenets of behavioral momentum theory. Some even call into question whether Pavlovian relations contribute to persistence in the first place. In this paper, I will review behavioral momentum theory and some of the data that have been problematic for the theory. I will argue that despite these very real challenges, the theory provides important utility not only to basic analyses of response persistence but also to clinical interventions directed at long-term reductions in problem behavior. It, for example, has set the stage for the development of alternative conceptual analyses of resistance to change, two of which will be highlighted for readers. Moreover, behavioral momentum theory may tell us something important about the reasons it continues to have an influence on the field, despite the challenging data that deter it.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
14.80%
发文量
83
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior is primarily for the original publication of experiments relevant to the behavior of individual organisms.
期刊最新文献
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