CFD study of the characteristics of a single elongated gas bubble in liquid in a moderately inclined pipe

In recent years, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling methods have been applied to study the behavior of a single elongated bubble in stagnant and flowing liquid. To date, only very few studies have been performed for slightly upwardly inclined pipes. This work presents mostly 2D numerical simulations based on the Volume of Fluid approach, dealing with the characteristics of a single elongated bubble injected into a liquid in a slightly upwardly inclined pipe. CFD-based results were compared with experimental results. In general, except the numerical bubble length, drift velocity, bubble fraction and bubble shape, agreed fairly with the experimental outcomes.