Overview of Coordinated Frequency Control Technologies for Wind Turbines, HVDC and Energy Storage Systems

Yuan-Kang Wu, Tung Trinh Duc, Baolong Phung Nguyen
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Abstract

Modern grids contain new components, such as renewable power resources, HVDC transmissions, energy storage systems and others. These new components will affect the frequency-response characteristics in power systems. That is, some power electronics-based elements with according control schemes will replace a part of traditional thermal or hydro generators with governor droop control. Thus, novel frequency control technologies for energy storages, HVDC or energy storage systems should be studied. This paper summarized frequency control technologies for the abovementioned components, and discussed about the hybrid energy systems with control schemes. Additionally, some significant trends, including the optimal design of capacity size, adaptive droop or inertia gains of controllers, detailed models for small-signal analyses or grid forming controls, and simplified frequency-response models, were also investigated in this paper.
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风力涡轮机、高压直流输电和储能系统协调频率控制技术综述
现代电网包含了新的组成部分,如可再生能源、高压直流输电、储能系统等。这些新元件将影响电力系统的频率响应特性。也就是说,一些具有相应控制方案的电力电子元件将取代一部分具有调速器下垂控制的传统热电或水轮发电机。因此,应该研究用于储能、高压直流或储能系统的新型频率控制技术。本文对上述部件的变频控制技术进行了总结,并对混合能源系统的控制方案进行了讨论。此外,本文还研究了容量大小的优化设计、控制器的自适应下垂或惯性增益、小信号分析或网格形成控制的详细模型以及简化的频率响应模型等一些重要趋势。
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