Appointment of the European Commission as an indicator of European integration development

Natalia Zaslavskaya
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Abstract

The article examines the evolution of the European Commission appointment procedure in the context of the institutional balance between the Council of the EU, the European Parliament and the European Commission. The growing influence of the European Parliament on the appointment of the Commission and the nomination of its President is described as an indicator of the development of integration because it demonstrates how the EU supranational institutional system moves closer to the institutional systems of nation states. The European Parliament has gained power similar to national parliaments. The European elections’ results are taken into account during appointment of the European Commission. Despite remaining existing differences between the EU institutional system and national institutions, the author attempts to apply the Sartori concept in order to examine the dynamics of the EU institutional balance. As Sartori described, interaction between parties in national parliaments and governments and gradual transformation towards party government, similar tendencies could be found on the European level. The analysis of the theoretical interpretations, legal basis and practical experience of the European Commission’s appointment enables the author to determine the increased role of the European Parliament vis-à-vis other institutions and the growing importance of the European parties. The current procedure demonstrates a shift from the technocratic functional approach to an ideological approach leading to a growing importance of European politics.
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任命欧盟委员会作为欧洲一体化发展的指标
本文考察了欧盟委员会任命程序在欧盟理事会、欧洲议会和欧盟委员会之间机构平衡的背景下的演变。欧洲议会对委员会的任命及其主席的提名的影响力越来越大,这被描述为一体化发展的一个指标,因为它表明欧盟超国家机构体系如何向民族国家的机构体系靠拢。欧洲议会获得了与各国议会类似的权力。欧洲议会选举的结果在任命欧盟委员会时被考虑在内。尽管欧盟制度体系与国家制度之间仍然存在差异,但作者试图运用萨托里的概念来考察欧盟制度平衡的动态。正如Sartori所描述的,在国家议会和政府中,政党之间的互动以及向政党政府的逐步转变,在欧洲层面也可以找到类似的趋势。通过对欧洲委员会任命的理论解释、法律基础和实践经验的分析,作者能够确定欧洲议会相对-à-vis其他机构的作用日益增强以及欧洲各方的重要性日益增加。目前的程序表明,从技术官僚的功能方法到意识形态方法的转变,导致欧洲政治的重要性日益增加。
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