Fabrication and characterization of optical waveguides in potassium lithium niobate (KLN) substrates

P. Hu, Tow Chong Chong, L. P. Shi, X. W. Xu, Lin Li, B. Xu
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Abstract

We discuss the fabrication method of planar waveguides in KLN (K/sub 3/Li/sub 2/Nb/sub 5/O/sub 15/) substrates using ion-exchange process. It is found that only the TM mode can be guided in such waveguides. The waveguides have an exponential decay index profile with depth and surface index increase in the order of a few /spl mu/m and 1/spl rarr/10/sup -2/, respectively. Also the waveguide formed near -z face is deeper than that near +z face.
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铌酸锂钾(KLN)衬底光波导的制备与表征
讨论了离子交换法制备KLN (K/sub 3/Li/sub 2/Nb/sub 5/O/sub 15/)衬底平面波导的方法。发现在这种波导中只有TM模式可以被引导。随着深度和表面指数的增加,波导的衰减指数曲线呈指数型增长,分别为几/spl μ /m和1/spl μ /m /10/sup -2/。近z面形成的波导也比近z面形成的波导更深。
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