Grid Forming Energy Router: Investigation of Load Control and Stability Response

Abstract

Large scale integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) with smart devices into the grid is becoming an attractive concept to meet increasing energy demand, and to reduce the stress on conventional grid. However, it comes with its concerns of controlling large number of inverter based RES, with low inertial energy to achieve grid stability and efficient power transfer among RES, grid, and the loads. In order to incorporate smart devices and energy efficient RES with real-time control of energy supply and demand, Grid Forming (GFM) Energy Routers (ER) are required. ER is a compact, intelligent ac-dc interface for RES and grid integration, which dynamically manages the energy supply/demand and information exchange within the grid. GFM control emulates the behavior of a Synchronous Machine (SM) to reduce/eliminate the frequency deviations and grid instability issues due to low inertia of inverter based RES, resulting in efficient and stable RES and grid integration. This paper investigates the stability response and load control of proposed GFM ER for RES and grid integration.