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2020 IEEE 11th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG)最新文献

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A Single-Stage Z-source Inverter for Transformerless Grid Connection with a Proportional-Resonant Controller for DC Current Elimination 一种用于无变压器并网的单级z源逆变器,带有直流电流消除的比例谐振控制器
A. Asi, B. Chong, L. Zhang, J. Nkanu
The ever-rising number of grid-connected inverters contributes to an increase of DC current injection into utility grid, resulting in the saturation of distribution transformers, metering errors and the corrosion of earthling conductors. A transformerless single-stage Z-source inverter uses only two switching devices in its converter circuit to generate sinusoidal voltage as that of a full-bridge inverter. However, this inverter has the problem of having a DC offset in the AC waveform due to the presence of steady-state error when the modulation index is varied. The paper proposes a Proportional-Resonant (PR) control scheme to eliminate this DC offset. By comparing Z-source inverter output voltage with the sinusoidal reference voltage obtained from the sinusoidal control signal, an error signal is obtained which is fed into the PR controller. An infinite gain at the fundamental frequency is introduced by the PR controller, thus achieving zero steady-state error resulting in the elimination of DC current injection into the utility grid. This method does not depend on high-precision current measurement or the use of coupled inductors. Also, this method can be used to improve power quality by providing reactive power compensation to the load at the point of common coupling. Simulation results are presented to confirm that this simple, cost-effective method can be used to eliminate DC current injection for different values of modulation index without compromising the dynamic response of the current feedback loop
随着并网逆变器数量的不断增加,注入电网的直流电流不断增加,导致配电变压器饱和、计量误差和接地导体腐蚀。无变压器单级z源逆变器在其转换电路中仅使用两个开关器件来产生与全桥逆变器相同的正弦电压。然而,这种逆变器有一个问题,即在交流波形中由于稳态误差的存在而产生直流偏移,当调制指数变化时。本文提出了一种比例谐振(PR)控制方案来消除这种直流偏置。通过将z源逆变器输出电压与正弦控制信号得到的正弦参考电压进行比较,得到误差信号,并将误差信号送入PR控制器。PR控制器在基频处引入无限增益,从而实现零稳态误差,从而消除了向公用电网注入的直流电流。这种方法不依赖于高精度的电流测量或耦合电感的使用。此外,该方法还可以通过在公共耦合点向负载提供无功功率补偿来改善电能质量。仿真结果表明,该方法可以在不影响电流反馈回路动态响应的情况下消除不同调制指标值下的直流电流注入
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引用次数: 1
Tow-step inertia provision with consideration of load type in an islanded wind turbine with grid-supporting voltage control 并网电压控制孤岛式风力发电机组考虑负荷类型的两步惯性供给
Nastaran Fazli, Sidney Gierschner, H. Eckel
The modern power system encounters difficulties in increasing the share of renewables as they are not participating in the total power system inertia, which endangers the strength of the power system against faults. As conventional generation with inherent inertia provision ability are being replaced by converter-based generation, they have to perform this role. Therefore, it is important that the control method of wind turbines seamlessly estimate frequency variation and be designed to make the inertia power command to smooth it. Hence, in this paper, inertia provision in an islanding scenario in a power system by a wind turbine will be studied. The inertia is provided via rotating masses or auxiliary power source, or together in a two-step inertia power injection. The power and energy limitations will also be considered in the comparison of inertia provision in different scenarios. The time is important for the injected inertia power to catch the frequency from falling into a very low nadir and make a different stability border for the share of renewables. In this study, the effect of converter-fed loads will also be investigated.
现代电力系统在增加可再生能源份额方面遇到了困难,因为它们不参与电力系统的总惯性,这危及了电力系统的抗故障强度。随着具有惯性供电能力的传统发电机组逐渐被变流器发电机组所取代,它们不得不承担起这一角色。因此,风电机组的控制方法必须无缝估计频率变化,并设计惯性功率指令使其平滑。因此,本文将研究风电机组在电力系统孤岛情况下的惯性供给问题。惯性通过旋转质量或辅助电源提供,或在两步惯性动力注入中一起提供。在比较不同情况下的惯性提供时,还将考虑功率和能量的限制。对于注入的惯性电力来说,时间很重要,因为它可以在频率跌至非常低的最低点时抓住频率,并为可再生能源的份额创造一个不同的稳定边界。在本研究中,还将研究变流器馈电负荷的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Design and Implementation of a Voltage Harmonic Elimination Control Method for the Single-Phase Inverter 单相逆变器电压谐波消除控制方法的设计与实现
B. Proca, M. Comanescu
Single-phase voltage-source converters are widely used in power conversion systems like grid-interfaced photovoltaic arrays. This paper presents a control method for the single-phase inverter that is looking to reduce the harmonic content of the output voltage, especially for the situation when the inverter feeds a crest-factor load. In this case, the currents are non-sinusoidal and relatively distorted; as a result, the THD is higher than the specification allows. The method proposed uses a voltage controller followed by a current controller - both are implemented in the stationary reference frame. The voltage controller uses a harmonic elimination method based on modulation-demodulation. This approach regulates the fundamental of the voltage and is also used to attempt the elimination of some higher order harmonics. In the simulations and experiments shown in the paper, the regulation and harmonic elimination scheme is implemented for the fundamental and for the 3rd, 5th and 7th harmonics of the voltage. The scheme can be expanded further to eliminate the harmonics of even higher order. It is shown that the control method proposed significantly reduces the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the output voltage, from 5.8% (at full load, uncompensated) to 1.6% (at full load, with compensation). The control method proposed is validated with simulations and experimental tests.
单相电压源变换器广泛应用于并网光伏阵列等电力转换系统中。本文提出了一种单相逆变器的控制方法,旨在降低输出电压的谐波含量,特别是当逆变器馈送峰因数负载时。在这种情况下,电流是非正弦且相对扭曲;因此,THD比规格允许的要高。所提出的方法使用电压控制器和电流控制器,两者都在固定参考系中实现。电压控制器采用基于调制-解调的谐波消除方法。这种方法调节电压的基频,也用于尝试消除一些高次谐波。在本文的仿真和实验中,对电压的基频和三、五、七次谐波进行了调节和谐波消除。该方案可以进一步扩展,以消除更高阶的谐波。结果表明,所提出的控制方法显著降低了输出电压的总谐波失真(THD),从5.8%(满载时,未补偿)降低到1.6%(满载时,有补偿)。通过仿真和实验验证了所提出的控制方法。
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引用次数: 1
Sensor Fault Detection for Line Regulating Converters supplying Constant Power Loads in DC Microgrids 直流微电网恒载变流器传感器故障检测
Kasper Jessen, M. Soltani, A. Hajizadeh
The objective of this paper is to increase the reliability of DC-DC converters operation, used in DC Microgrids (MG). This paper will determine the design requirements for a Sensor Fault Diagnosis (SFD) strategy for a DC-DC converter intended for DC MG, in order to allow continuous operation during erroneous sensor measurements. The SFD scheme is based on residuals generated by a generalized observer scheme. The observer gains is based on adaptive high-gain observer theory. The generated residuals are compared with thresholds, to detect sensor faults. The SFD scheme for the Line Regulating Converter (LRC) side is validated through simulations on a prototype DC MG system where the sensors are subjected to three types of sensor faults. In this paper, the prototype DC MG system will consist of a battery which is connected to the DC bus through a bidirectional buck/boost converter. A buck converter is used as LRC connected to the DC bus.
本文的目的是提高直流微电网中使用的DC-DC变换器的运行可靠性。本文将确定用于DC MG的DC-DC转换器的传感器故障诊断(SFD)策略的设计要求,以便在错误的传感器测量期间允许连续操作。SFD方案基于广义观测器方案产生的残差。观测器增益基于自适应高增益观测器理论。将产生的残差与阈值进行比较,以检测传感器故障。通过对直流MG系统的仿真验证了线路调节变换器(LRC)侧的SFD方案,其中传感器遭受了三种类型的传感器故障。在本文中,原型直流MG系统将由一个电池组成,该电池通过双向降压/升压转换器连接到直流母线。降压转换器作为LRC连接到直流母线。
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引用次数: 3
Extended Model of Chopper Cells for Open Circuit Fault Detection in Modular Multilevel Cascade Converters using Sliding Mode Observers 滑模观测器用于模块级联变换器开路故障检测的斩波单元扩展模型
Thomas Kreppel, F. Rojas, C. Hackl, Oliver Kalmbach, M. Díaz, G. Gatica
Fault detection and isolation (FDI) strategies can be implemented to increase reliability and prevent faults of power switches from disrupting converter operation. This is especially important for Modular Multilevel Cascade Converters (MMCC) due to the high number of switches employed in this topology. This paper proposes a new model for chopper cells, the core component of an MMCC. Unlike reported methods, the proposed model enables open-circuit fault detection and excellent tracking of cluster currents using a Sliding Mode Observer (SMO) under normal and faulty operation. The model has been successfully validated to detect faulty operation by using PLECS simulations in a BTB MMCC-DSCC.
采用故障检测和隔离(FDI)策略可以提高可靠性,防止电源开关故障干扰变流器的运行。这对于模块化多电平级联转换器(MMCC)尤其重要,因为这种拓扑结构中使用了大量开关。本文提出了MMCC的核心部件斩波单元的一种新模型。与已有的方法不同,所提出的模型在正常和故障操作下使用滑模观测器(SMO)实现开路故障检测和出色的簇电流跟踪。通过BTB MMCC-DSCC的PLECS仿真,成功验证了该模型能够检测故障操作。
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引用次数: 1
A Generic Switching State-Space Model for Modular Multilevel Cascade Converters 模块化多电平串级变换器的通用开关状态空间模型
Oliver Kalmbach, C. Hackl, F. Rojas
This paper presents a generic switching state-space model for modular multilevel cascade converters in double-star connection (MMCC-DS) which can either be used with chopper cells (CC; half bridges) or bridge cells (BC; full bridges) and allows to consider arbitrary switch(ing) faults. The output terminals of the MMCC-DS are connected to a general resistive-inductive (RL) load with additional voltage sources in star connection. The model is derived and described in detail by using Kirchhoff's current and voltage laws (KCL, KVL) and allows for currents flowing through the anti-parallel diodes of the active switches in each cell. The model is implemented in Matlab/Simulink 2019b and PLECS for a simulative validation and comparison of the proposed model.
本文提出了一种适用于双星连接的模块化多电平级联变换器(MMCC-DS)的通用开关状态空间模型,该模型可与斩波单元(CC;半桥细胞)或桥细胞(BC;全桥),并允许考虑任意开关(ing)故障。MMCC-DS的输出端以星形连接方式连接到带有附加电压源的通用电阻-电感(RL)负载。该模型是通过基尔霍夫电流和电压定律(KCL, KVL)推导和详细描述的,并允许电流流过每个单元中有源开关的反并联二极管。在Matlab/Simulink 2019b和PLECS中实现了该模型,对所提模型进行了仿真验证和比较。
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引用次数: 3
A Status Monitoring Method for Multi-parallel Choppers in Wind Turbine Converters 风力发电机组变流器多并联旋翼状态监测方法
R. Wu, Masoud Parkhou
The multi-parallel chopper system is commonly used in modern MW-level wind turbine converters. Even though the chopper is usually considered as robust and reliable, the semiconductor module can suffer critical junction temperature in extreme fault ride through (FRT) events. This paper proposes a method to monitor and identify if the individual chopper is functioning, degraded, or failed by means of collecting and comparing the parallel semiconductors' temperatures during FRT events. A simulation model is created in PLCES, the accuracy of which is further validated by a dedicated experimental setup including an infrared camera. The proposed method is verified by PLECS simulations.
多并联斩波系统是现代兆瓦级风力发电机组变流器中常用的一种系统。尽管斩波器通常被认为是鲁棒和可靠的,但半导体模块在极端故障穿越(FRT)事件中可能会遭受临界结温。本文提出了一种通过收集和比较并行半导体在FRT事件期间的温度来监测和识别单个切碎器是否正常工作、退化或失效的方法。在PLCES中建立了仿真模型,并通过包括红外摄像机在内的专用实验装置进一步验证了仿真模型的准确性。通过PLECS仿真验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Frequency Stability of Weak Grids with Modified Distributed Virtual Inertia Method 改进的分布式虚惯性法增强弱电网的频率稳定性
Meysam Saeedian, Bahram Pournazarian, B. Eskandari, M. Shahparasti, E. Pouresmaeil
In small–scale power systems, distributed virtual inertia (DVI)–based converters can effectively participate in primary frequency regulation. In this method, the synthetic inertia provision is fulfilled by discharging the preserved energy of dc–side capacitors employed in grid–interactive converters. Nevertheless, the eigenvalue analyses provided by small–signal state–space model of the converter reveal that the DVI function induces instability to the converter operating in weak grid connection. To address this issue aimed at improving grid frequency stability during frequency events, a new compensator is presented in this work. The compensator is designed so as eliminates the negative effect of DVI regulator on system stability. The effectiveness of proposed approach is illustrated by the time–domain simulations in MATLAB. The results show that the frequency rate of change following a frequency perturbation is enhanced by 40.38% compared with the scenario in which the synthetic inertia functionality is nullified.
在小型电力系统中,基于分布式虚拟惯性(DVI)的变流器可以有效地参与一次调频。该方法通过释放电网交互变换器直流侧电容器的保留能量来满足综合惯性供给。然而,由变换器的小信号状态空间模型提供的特征值分析表明,DVI函数会导致变换器在弱电网连接下的失稳。为了解决这一问题,本文提出了一种新的补偿器,以提高频率事件期间电网的频率稳定性。为了消除DVI调节器对系统稳定性的负面影响,设计了补偿器。在MATLAB中进行的时域仿真验证了该方法的有效性。结果表明,频率扰动后的频率变化率比不考虑综合惯性泛函的情况提高了40.38%。
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引用次数: 1
Topology and Voltage Balance of Series-Connected T-type Inverter for Medium-Voltage Drive Applications 中压驱动中串联t型逆变器的拓扑结构和电压平衡
M. Aly, S. Kouro, T. Meynard
The three-level T-type multilevel inverter has proven itself as a promising, highly-efficient, and low-switch-count topology. This paper presents a new topology configuration using series connected T-type multilevel inverters for medium-voltage applications. The proposed topology utilizes the series connection of low power T-type modules to enable medium-voltage operation. The proposed topology is modular, highly efficient, less complex, and with lower component count, compared to other topologies with the same number of levels and voltage operating range. In addition, a simple level-shifted pulse width modulation (LS-PWM) method is proposed for achieving voltage balance between the dc-link capacitors. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed topology and the proposed LS-PWM method for medium-voltage applications. Moreover, the proposed topology has been compared with the existing medium-voltage converter topologies in the literature.
三电平t型多电平逆变器已被证明是一种有前途的、高效的、低开关计数的拓扑结构。本文提出了一种新的拓扑结构,采用串联连接的t型多电平逆变器用于中压应用。所提出的拓扑结构利用低功率t型模块的串联连接来实现中压工作。与具有相同电平数量和电压工作范围的其他拓扑结构相比,所提出的拓扑结构是模块化的,高效的,不太复杂的,并且组件数量较少。此外,提出了一种简单的电平移脉宽调制(LS-PWM)方法来实现直流电容之间的电压平衡。结果表明,所提出的拓扑结构和LS-PWM方法在中压应用中是有效的。此外,还将所提出的拓扑结构与文献中现有的中压变换器拓扑结构进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Generalized Behavioral Models of Three-Phase Converters and Electric Machines for System-Level Study and Stability Assessment 用于系统级研究和稳定性评估的三相变流器和电机的广义行为模型
I. Cvetkovic, D. Boroyevich, R. Burgos, Z. Liu
New electronic power distribution systems built for airplanes, ships, electric vehicles, data-centers, nano- and microgrids dominantly comprise a variety of power electronics converters with very different dynamic characteristics. Other than the information from datasheets, system integrators have no deeper insight into dynamic behavior and interactions between system components before they integrate particular systems. This paper presents a generalized black-box modeling method of three-phase inverters, rectifiers, motors, and generators for system-level study and on-line stability assessment. Especially interesting for OEM, this methodology allows equipment manufacturers to provide behavioral models of their components without disclosing proprietary information such as topology, structure, control loops parameters, etc., while system integrator can truly benefit from using these models for their (better) system-level design.
用于飞机、船舶、电动汽车、数据中心、纳米和微电网的新型电子配电系统主要由各种具有不同动态特性的电力电子转换器组成。除了数据表中的信息外,系统集成商在集成特定系统之前对系统组件之间的动态行为和交互没有更深入的了解。本文提出了一种用于系统级研究和在线稳定性评估的三相逆变器、整流器、电机和发电机的广义黑盒建模方法。对于OEM来说,特别有趣的是,这种方法允许设备制造商提供其组件的行为模型,而无需披露诸如拓扑、结构、控制回路参数等专有信息,而系统集成商可以真正受益于使用这些模型进行(更好的)系统级设计。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2020 IEEE 11th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG)
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