Opioid Misuse and Addiction Among Patients With Chronic Pain

M. Martel, R. Jamison
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Abstract

Chapter 20 provides an introduction to understanding the prevalence and risk factors as well as screening tools for assessing opioid misuse and addiction in patients with chronic pain. In the era of the opioid epidemic in North America and beyond, the use of prescription opioid medications to help improve function in chronic noncancer pain is frequently debated. Out of fear of iatrogenic addiction, litigation, and/or potential medication misuse, some clinicians are refusing to prescribe opioids for chronic pain. Evidence indicates that rates of opioid misuse and addiction are fairly high among chronic pain patients prescribed long-term opioid therapy, but there is consensus that opioids can be safe and effective for carefully selected and monitored patients.
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慢性疼痛患者的阿片类药物滥用和成瘾
第20章介绍了慢性疼痛患者阿片类药物滥用和成瘾的患病率和危险因素,以及评估阿片类药物滥用和成瘾的筛选工具。在北美及其他地区阿片类药物流行的时代,使用处方阿片类药物来帮助改善慢性非癌性疼痛的功能经常引起争论。出于对医源性成瘾、诉讼和/或潜在药物滥用的恐惧,一些临床医生拒绝开阿片类药物治疗慢性疼痛。有证据表明,在长期服用阿片类药物治疗的慢性疼痛患者中,阿片类药物滥用和成瘾的比例相当高,但人们一致认为,对于精心选择和监测的患者,阿片类药物是安全有效的。
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