Conceptual Model of Expert System-Based Smart Learning: Preliminary Analysis

Abstract

Based on the observations, there were still some obstacles faced by students when they want to develop their skills, where students only become passive recipients, so that the motivation of students to learn is reduced. Moreover, in the pandemic today, where learning is carried out by online, it hampers students from mastering learning optimally, because of students cannot interact directly with teachers when facing problems. Because of this pandemic case, one of solutions that can be done in class is the information and communication technology (ICT) using in the learning process, and technology that according to the era of revolution industry (RI) 4.0 development is smart learning based on expert systems. However, in developing smart learning based on this expert system, researchers need to know what is needed both from philosophy, student learning styles and student initial conditions. Researchers also need a paradigm of how they can develop expert system-based smart learning that can be applied effectively in the classroom during the learning process. Therefore, the aim of this study is to conduct an preliminary analysis of expert system-based smart learning, which is in the conceptual model to analyze the theory of education philosophy, learning styles and multiple intelligence that supports the development of expert system-based smart learning, as well as seeing students' initial conditions before smart learning based on expert system was developed. This study uses the method of literature study and the qualitative research using the observation method. Due to the results of this research, it was concluded that philosophically, the theory of constructivism, connectivism, learning styles and multiple intelligence as well as the initial conditions of students also support the development of smart learning based on this expert system.