Advances in Manufacturing Relaxor Piezoelectric Single Crystals

J. Luo, S.J. Zhang, T. Shrout, W. Hackenberger
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Relaxor piezoelectric single crystal, lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT), has potential to greatly improve both piezoelectric actuator and transducer applications. High-quality PMN-PT single crystals with the diameter over 50 mm have been successfully grown along different crystallographic directions by the Bridgman technique at TRS. As a solid solution system, PMN-PT inevitably exhibits an inhomogeneous composition distribution along the boule in conventional Bridgman growth, which results in the variation of dielectric and piezoelectric properties along the growth direction and limits the useful portion in each crystal boule. Zone melting growth technique has been developed to further increase the composition uniformity in solid solution PMN-PT crystal. By using zone-melting growth technique, PMN-PT crystals with 22-25 mm in diameter and 150 mm long have been grown at TRS. This paper reviews the progress in Bridgman and zone-melting growth of PMN-PT with the emphasis on uniformity improvement. In addition, TRS recently developed new piezoelectric crystals with modified PMN-PT compositions, which have expanded operating temperature ranges to 120degC and coercive field to 5 kV/cm. Since these new materials were grown directly from the melt by the Bridgman technique, commercialization is achievable by applying the well established crystal growth process for PMN-PT.
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弛豫压电单晶制造研究进展
弛豫压电单晶,铌镁铅-钛酸铅(PMN-PT),具有极大地改善压电致动器和换能器应用的潜力。利用Bridgman技术在TRS成功地沿不同的结晶方向生长出了直径大于50 mm的高质量PMN-PT单晶。PMN-PT作为一种固溶体体系,在传统的Bridgman生长过程中,不可避免地呈现出沿晶孔的不均匀成分分布,导致其介电和压电性能沿生长方向发生变化,限制了每个晶孔中有用的部分。为了进一步提高固溶体PMN-PT晶体的成分均匀性,研究了区域熔融生长技术。采用区域熔融生长技术,在TRS下生长出直径22 ~ 25 mm、长150 mm的PMN-PT晶体。本文综述了PMN-PT的Bridgman生长和区熔生长的研究进展,重点介绍了均匀性的改善。此外,TRS最近开发了新型压电晶体,其改性PMN-PT成分,将工作温度范围扩大到120℃,矫顽力场扩大到5 kV/cm。由于这些新材料是由Bridgman技术直接从熔体中生长出来的,因此通过应用PMN-PT成熟的晶体生长工艺,可以实现商业化。
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