Coordination of Plug-in Electric Vehicles to Improve Performance and Power Quality

Abstract

Integration of more and more distributed energy resources (DER) into the microgrid raises the concern of power quality, reliability, and economic operations. Plug-in electric vehicles (PEV s) is a cleaner technology that provides flexibility in the distribution network; however, uncoordinated operation may raise the concern of voltage imbalance. The issue of voltage imbalance is less focused in ongoing research works since most of the PEV chargers connected in residential and commercial places are single-phase or two-phase, which may alleviate the problem of voltage imbalance and result in an increase in neutral current and network losses. In this paper, the phase balancing problem is solved by mixed-integer convex quadratic programming (MICQP) approach by linear three-phase load flow method and compared with the backward forward sweep (BFS) method and tested on modified IEEE 33 bus radial distribution system.