Faktor Terkait Inisiasi Menyusu Dini pada Ibu Postpartum di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Cilegon

Abstract

Abstrak Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) merupakan kesempatan bayi yang dilahirkan dalam 24 bulan terakhir dapat menyusu secara alami dengan meletakkannya di perut ibunya selama satu jam setelah kelahiran. Kegiatan ini bertujuan meningkatkan jalinan kasih sayang ibu dan bayi, mempertahankan suhu bayi tetap hangat, merangsang kontraksi otot rahim sehingga mengurangi risiko perdarahan sesudah melahirkan dan memperbesar peluang ibu untuk memantapkan dan melanjutkan kegiatan menyusui selama masa bayi (6 bulan-2 tahun). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan dan faktor terkait IMD di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Kota Cilegon. Jenis penelitian bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan terhadap 14 informan dan metode observasi pelaksanaan persalinan spontan di ruang bersalin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan IMD di RSUD Kota Cilegon ditinjau dari struktur, proses dan output terlaksana cukup baik pada persalinan spontan dan belum terlaksana pada persalinan post-sectio caesaria. Penyebab pelaksanaan IMD belum optimal karena prosedur operasional baku IMD yang dimiliki rumah sakit belum diterapkan pada semua jenis metode persalinan. IMD hanya dilaksanakan pada proses persalinan pervaginam. Selain itu, pelatihan tenaga kesehatan belum diberikan secara menyeluruh. Saran yang dapat dilakukan adalah perbaikan prosedur operasional baku IMD dan inhouse training di rumah sakit tentang IMD. Kata kunci: Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD), ibu postpartum, rumah sakit Abstract Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB) is opportunity of babies born in the past 24 months to be able to suckle naturally by placing the baby in the mother's stomach within an hour of birth. This activity aims to improve the affection of mothers and babies, keep the temperature of the baby warm, stimulate uterine muscle contraction, thereby reducing the risk of postpartum bleeding and increase the chances of the mother to establish and continue breastfeeding during infancy (6 months-2 years). The purpose of this study was to find out the implementation of EIB at the Cilegon Hospital and their factors related. This type of research is descriptive by using qualitative research methods. In-depth interviews were carried out on 14 informants and methods of observing the implementation of spontaneous labor in the delivery room. The results showed that the implementation of EIB at the Hospital of Cilegon in terms of structure, process and output was carried out quite well at spontaneous labor and had not been carried out in the post sectio caesaria delivery. The causes of the implementation of EIB have not been optimal because the Standard Operational Procedures (SOP) for EIB owned by hospitals have not been for all types of labor methods, EIB is carried out only in the vaginal delivery process. In addition, the training of health workers has not been given as a whole. Suggestions that can be made is to improve the SOP for EIB and inhouse training at the hospital about EIB. Keywords: Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIB), postpartum mother, hospital