CO and CO2 laser beam guiding with silver halide polycrystalline fibers and hollow waveguides

Alexander S Novikov, I. Usenov, V. Artyushenko, H. Eichler
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Abstract

Silver halide polycrystalline infrared (PIR) fibers and hollow waveguides (HWGs) have high transmission at midinfrared wavelengths from 3 to 18 μm. Their applications include a flexible delivery of CO2 and CO laser power. We investigated transmission of PIR fibers and HWGs at different bending radii using CO2 laser radiation and studied the intensity distribution after the distal fiber. The PIR fibers show only a relatively weak decrease in transmission with increasing curvature 1/R or decreasing bending radius R. This is an advantage over hollow waveguides, where transmission decreases sharply with curvature. Disadvantages are high reflection losses at the PIR fiber end faces due to the high refractive index of 2.15 for wavelengths in the mid-infrared region. To reduce these losses, the surface of the fiber end faces must be treated with several special methods including microstructuring or coupling with an antireflective window. The measured near-field and far-field intensity distributions or beam profiles are highly inhomogeneous for both fiber types. For large core diameters of 0.9 or 1 mm, the beam profiles appear to be more homogeneous for the PIR fibers.
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用卤化银多晶光纤和空心波导引导CO和CO2激光束
卤化银多晶红外(Silver halide polycrystalline infrared, PIR)光纤和中空波导在3 ~ 18 μm的中红外波段具有较高的透射率。它们的应用包括CO2和CO激光功率的灵活输送。研究了CO2激光在不同弯曲半径下对PIR光纤和hwg光纤的传输,并研究了远端光纤后的光强分布。随着曲率1/R的增加或弯曲半径R的减小,PIR光纤的透射率只有相对微弱的下降。这是空心波导的优势,空心波导的透射率随着曲率的增加而急剧下降。缺点是由于中红外区域波长的高折射率为2.15,因此PIR光纤端面的反射损耗高。为了减少这些损耗,必须用几种特殊的方法处理光纤端面表面,包括微结构或与抗反射窗口耦合。测量的近场和远场强度分布或光束轮廓对两种类型的光纤是高度不均匀的。对于0.9或1mm的大芯径,PIR纤维的光束轮廓似乎更均匀。
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