Incidence of root canal treatment after orthognathic surgery cases: A retrospective 5-year follow-up

Abstract

Background: Success in modern orthognathic surgery is based on the close association between the oral maxillofacial surgeon and the orthodontist during various phases of the treatment, starting from the preoperative treatment planning to obtain the ideal occlusion. Orthodontic and endodontic treatments are commonly studied. Although studies revealed that orthodontic treatment could cause an impact on endodontically treated teeth, and vice versa, to date, no study has been conducted revealing the incidence of root canal treatment (RCT) in patients who underwent orthognathic surgery. Thus, the present study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of root canal therapy among patients subjected to orthognathic surgery. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study was done on 814 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment. The clinical and radiographic records were assessed for all patients, and evidence of RCT was calculated. The data were obtained about gender, type of teeth involved, and diagnosis of the condition. Results: Out of those 57 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery in the past 5 years, 11 (1.35%) had undergone RCT, with the mean age being 21.72 years. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between both genders in diagnosis. A maximum of 27.27% of cases subjected to RCT were left maxillary first premolar, followed by right maxillary first premolar, and right maxillary first molar, with a statistically insignificant difference (P > 0.05) between both genders to the type of tooth involved. Conclusion: A significant rate of prevalence of RCT was observed among the patients undergoing orthognathic surgery (19.29%), mainly involving premolars. Males showed a higher incidence of RCT in the left mandibular molar, whereas in females, first maxillary premolars were mainly involved among patients subjected to orthognathic surgery. Thus, there is a need to evaluate patients for the requirement of RCT after orthognathic surgery.