Development of ‘Green and Clean’ Reaction Media for Inorganic and Organic Nanomaterials

Z. Shervani, Y. Ikushima, Juncheng Liu
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Abstract

We have developed new water-in-CO₂ microemulsions under supercritical conditions of CO₂ bulk phase. Using fluorinated AOT surfactants and hydrogenated n-butanol as a cosurfactant, microemulsion solutions were obtained which could dissolve large amount of water as large as W₀=49 at 35°C. Where W₀ is the molar ratio of water-to-surfactant. Using varieties of surfactants and amount of cosurfactant, the composition of microemulsion has been established which gives capabilities to prepare different size nanomaterials in the range of 3 to 10 nm depending on the size of the core of microemulsion droplets. Size of the nanomaterials can be controlled with narrow size distribution by adjusting the W₀ values of microemulsion solution. In this presentation, I shall describe the preparation of water-in-CO₂ microemulsions as a function of water content, pressure of CO₂, surfactant concentration, and amount of cosurfactant added. The new CO₂ microemulsions will replace the existing conventional media used for preparation of nanomaterials until now because of non-toxic, cheap, easily recyclable bulk phase CO₂ used in these solutions at moderately low temperature of 35°C.
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绿色与清洁的发展‘无机和有机纳米材料的反应介质
在CO₂体相的超临界条件下,研制了新型CO₂水包微乳。以氟化AOT表面活性剂和氢化正丁醇为助表面活性剂,得到了在35℃下可溶解W 0 =49的大量水的微乳液溶液。式中W 0为水与表面活性剂的摩尔比。利用不同的表面活性剂和助表面活性剂的数量,建立了微乳液的组成,根据微乳液滴芯的大小,可以制备3至10纳米范围内不同尺寸的纳米材料。通过调节微乳液溶液的W 0值,可以控制纳米材料的尺寸,使其尺寸分布更窄。在这篇演讲中,我将描述水-CO₂微乳液的制备过程,它是水含量、CO₂压力、表面活性剂浓度和助表面活性剂添加量的函数。新型CO₂微乳剂在35℃的中低温下使用的CO₂是无毒的、廉价的、容易回收的,因此将取代目前用于制备纳米材料的传统介质。
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