Comparison of Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women With COVID-19 Infection

Abstract

Background: Covid-19 infected pregnant women has been reported worst outcome than non-pregnant due to physiological and immunological changes mainly in the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: Observational analytic retrospective study with Covid-19 infected 411 women, whose ranges of age were between 18 to 52 years old divided in two groups; 84 pregnant and 327 non-pregnant admitted in The Cuban Hospital of Qatar, since April 1st to June 30th of 2020. It was aimed to compare both groups according to clinical, laboratory, radiological and main outcomes. Analysis of frequencies, Ji Square, Variance and Odds Ratio were performed. Results: Pregnant tended to be younger and predominated third trimester of pregnancy; obesity, vitamin D deficiency and asymptomatic infection prevailed in pregnant and were significant. Fever and cough were more frequent in non-pregnant. Chest X ray showed Focal Bilateral lesions prevailed in non-pregnant; most of pregnant did not do X rays. D- dimer and alkaline phosphatase were higher in pregnant, alanine amine transferase was higher in non-pregnant. 4 to 7 days of hospital stay predominated in pregnant. Oxygen therapy, moderate and severe respiratory distress and intensive care unit admission were predominant in pregnant. No lethality was observed in pregnant with Covid-19 infection. Conclusion: Covid-19 pregnant are younger and has higher probability of asymptomatic disease; but they have higher risk of co-morbidities, respiratory failure, intensive care admission and mechanical ventilation; mortality risk is higher in non-pregnant.