Why Do So Few Women Work in New York (And So Many in Minneapolis)? Labor Supply of Married Women across U.S. Cities

D. Black, Natalia A. Kolesnikova, Lowell Taylor
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引用次数: 163

Abstract

This paper documents a little-noticed feature of US labor markets—very large variation in the labor supply of married women across cities. We focus on cross-city differences in commuting times as a potential explanation for this variation. We start with a model in which commuting times introduce non-convexities into the budget set. Empirical evidence is consistent with the model’s predictions: Labor force participation rates of married women are negatively correlated with the metropolitan area commuting time. Also, metropolitan areas with larger increases in average commuting time in 1980–2000 had slower growth in the labor force participation of married women.
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为什么在纽约工作的女性如此之少(而在明尼阿波利斯却如此之多)?美国各城市已婚妇女的劳动力供给
本文记录了美国劳动力市场一个鲜为人知的特征——不同城市已婚女性的劳动力供给差异很大。我们将重点放在跨城市通勤时间的差异上,作为这种差异的潜在解释。我们从一个模型开始,在这个模型中,通勤时间在预算集中引入了非凸性。实证结果与模型预测一致:已婚女性的劳动参与率与都市圈通勤时间呈负相关。此外,1980-2000年期间平均通勤时间增加较多的大都市地区,已婚妇女参与劳动力的增长速度较慢。
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