Design and Implementation of FPGA - digital based PID controller

Abstract

The main aim of this paper is to design an effective realization of digital PID control algorithms using field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technology. The proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control methods and algorithms are one of the most common types of effective feedback controllers that are used in automatic control in many industrial processes. PID controller has been widely used in many different areas, such as power systems, drives control, automotive mechatronics, aerospace, process control, and robotics. Implementation of PID control algorithms has gone through several stages of realization, from early mechanical, electrical and pneumatic designs to microprocessor-based systems. Recently, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have become an alternative solution for the realization of digital control algorithm systems, which were previously dominated by general-purpose microprocessor systems. In comparison with convention PID realization, FPGA-based controller's realization offer advantages such as high speed, complex functionality, and low power consumption. Another advantage of FPGA-based platforms is their capability to execute concurrent operations, allowing parallel architectural design of different digital controllers system. In the propose paper we demonstrate of the one application of hardware and software module development for the application and realization of digital PID control algorithm for dynamical systems with fast dynamics. We successfully implemented verified and analyze the FPGA PID control algorithm realization for high speed DC motors using FPGA technology (Spartan - 6 FPGA Family of company Xilinx) which delivers an optimal balance of low risk, low cost, and low power for this applications.