An Overview on Datura stramonium L. (Jimson weed): A Notable Psychoactive Drug Plant

Abstract

Purpose: People often make use of this notorious plant, Datura stramonium L. (Jimson weed) without rationale which subsequently leads to its abuse along the process. Thus, this paper seeks to compile detailed information regarding the toxicity and the safe usage of this plant in order to curtail its negative impact among individuals.Methodology: A lot of literatures, reports, short communication etc. from print and electronic media were consulted during the course of preparation of the article.Findings: The notorious weed, jimson weed (Datura stramonium L.) is a hallucinating plant with both poisonous and medicinal properties. The neurotoxicity of the plant is attributed to the presence of tropane alkaloids which contain a methylated nitrogen atom (N-CH3) that block neurotransmitters in the brain. Ethno-medicinally, the frequent recreational abuse of D. stramonium has resulted in toxic syndromes. D. stramonium, consume in the form of paste or solution to relieve the local pain may not have a deleterious effect; however, oral and systemic administration may lead to severe anticholinergic symptoms which include dizziness, hallucination, loss of consciousness, nausea, hypertension, agitation, aggressiveness, photophobia, blurred vision and possibly coma which may last for several hours or days depending on the quantity consumed.Unique contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The present comprehensive review was able to, underscores the botany, phytochemistry, intoxication,and precautionary measures for the safe and sound usage of D. stramonium among individuals. Sequel to that, it deems imperative for individuals, especially adolescents, to be acquainted of the toxic nature and potential risks associated with the use of this plant.