Pelajaran Dari Pengelolaan Rantai Pasok Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Oleh PT ASTB di Maluku Tengah

Abstract

Masa pandemi memunculkan berbagai permasalahan pada industri perikanan, salah satunya terkait isu ketersediaan, kualitas pasokan, dan pemasok bahan baku. Menyikapi hal itu, pelaku usaha melakukan upaya-upaya penanganan masalah, yang dituangkan dalam perbaikan pengelolaan rantai pasok untuk mendukung keberlangsungan usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi isu pengelolaan rantai pasok ikan cakalang pada masa pandemi Covid-19, mengidentifikasi model rantai pasok ikan cakalang mengukur kinerja rantai pasok ikan cakalang. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan studi kasus di PT ASTB Maluku Tengah pada bulan Januari-April 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan responden yang ditentukan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan data sekunder diperoleh dari Dinas Kelautan Provinsi Maluku, Balai Karantina Ikan Provinsi Maluku dan informasi dari hasil-hasil penelitian terkait secara deksriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan metode SCOR dan AHP untuk menilai kinerja rantai pasok. Hasil penelitian menunjukan hasil-hasil sebagai berikut: (i) aliran barang di PT ASTB bersumber dari pemasok yang berada di wilayah Maluku, (ii) transaksi finansial antara pelaku usaha dilakukan secara tunai atau transfer, dengan sistem relasi berbasis kepercayaan tanpa piutang, (iii) aliran informasi mengalir dari dan ke pemasok di PT ASTB terjadi melalui layanan telpon atau whatsapp, (iv) pandemi Covid-19 tidak menghentikan bisnis ikan cakalang beku (frozen) PT ASTB, (v) pelaku rantai pasok ikan cakalang terdiri dari pemasok, pengolah dan konsumen dalam Maluku (pasar lokal, tradisional dan domestik) dan luar Maluku (ekspor), (vi) kinerja rantai pasok ikan cakalang PT ASTB dikategorikan sebagai “Baik/Good”. Perusahaan dapat lebih baik lagi (from good to excellent) dengan melakukan upaya peningkatan kinerja rantai pasok yang memprioritaskan perbaikan pada kriteria terendah yaitu return.Title: Lessons Learned From Skipjack Tuna Supply-Chain Management During the Covid-19 Pandemic by PT ASTB in Central MalukuThe pandemic period raises various problems in the fishing industry, one of which is related to issues of availability, quality of supply, and suppliers of raw materials. In response to this, business actors make efforts to handle problems, which are outlined in improving supply chain management to support business continuity. . This study aims to identify the issue of skipjack supply chain management during the Covid-19 pandemic, identify the skipjack supply chain model and, measure the performance of the skipjack supply chain. The research was conducted through a case study approach at PT ASTB in January-April 2021. This study used primary data obtained through interviews with respondents who were determined using purposive sampling technique and secondary data obtained from the Maluku Provincial Marine Service, Maluku Provincial Fish Quarantine Center and information from research results related descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively with SCOR and AHP methods to assess supply chain performance. The results of the study show the following results: (i) the flow of goods at PT ASTB comes from suppliers located in the Maluku region, (ii) financial transactions between business actors are carried out in cash or transfers, with a trust-based relationship system without debt and credit, (iii) the flow of information to and from suppliers at PT ASTB occurs via telephone or whatsapp services, (iv) the Covid-19 pandemic has not stopped PT ASTB frozen tuna business, (v) the actors in the skipjack supply chain consist of suppliers, processors and consumers in Maluku (local, traditional and domestic markets) and outside Maluku (exports), (vi) PT ASTB supply chain performance of skipjack tuna is categorized as “Good”. Companies can do better (from good to excellent) by making efforts to improve supply chain performance that prioritizes improvements on the lowest criterion, namely return.