Explore 360° VR to Improve the Ecological Validity of Screening Tests on Cognitive Functions

Abstract

Cognitive impairment is a condition that results in a person’s inability to remember, learn, concentrate or make decisions that affect his/her everyday life. The assessment of these deficits is usually performed using standardized paper and pencil or computerized tests within a controlled clinical setting. Many traditionally designed tools show only low to moderate levels of ecological validity, limiting the reliability of the collected measures. The proposed system adapts existing screening tests within an immersive virtual reality environment with 360° video, recreating a familiar setting for the patient. This faithful reproduction of everyday environments and situations can enhance the ecological validity of the assessment procedure while maintaining a standardized stimuli delivery, all in a controlled and safe setting. As a computerized system, virtual reality technology allows an error-free computation of the test scores, here collected by means of accuracy for each task. The system involves many technologies aimed at capturing any kind of user input provided by the patient. Additionally, using a visor with integrated eye-tracker sensor, the system can register the visual exploration pattern adopted by the patient during the task execution, providing information concerning the attentional and visuo-spatial functioning which are not obtainable using traditional assessment procedures. Finally, the results of an exploratory study that was conducted with 11 users on the reliability and usability of the system are presented.