Whether the Establishment of Pilot Free Trade Zones Improves Urban Carbon Emission Efficiency: An Analysis Based on Difference-in-Difference Model

Jinling Tian
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Abstract

Pilot free trade zones are the key to achieving green and sustainable economic development and promoting high-level protection of the ecological environment. Based on the panel data of 282 cities from 2006 to 2018, this paper uses the non-radial DDF model to measure the urban carbon emission efficiency based on the establishment of pilot free trade zones, and establishes a double differential model to empirically analyze the impact of the establishment of pilot free trade zones on urban carbon emission efficiency and the impact mechanism therein. The results show that the establishment of pilot free trade zones can significantly promote the improvement of urban carbon emission efficiency, and this conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests such as PSM-DID and excluding other policy interference. Its mechanism analysis shows that the establishment of pilot free trade zones mainly affects urban carbon emission efficiency by improving urban energy efficiency and technical level, and promoting the optimization and upgrading of urban industrial structure. This paper provides useful policy enlightenment for promoting the green development of pilot free trade zones, achieving economic efficiency improvement and carbon emission reduction.
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自由贸易试验区的设立是否提高了城市碳排放效率——基于差中差模型的分析
自由贸易试验区是实现经济绿色可持续发展、促进生态环境高水平保护的关键。本文基于2006 - 2018年282个城市面板数据,采用非径向DDF模型测算自贸易试验区设立对城市碳排放效率的影响,并建立双差分模型,实证分析自贸易试验区设立对城市碳排放效率的影响及其影响机制。结果表明,自由贸易试验区的建立能够显著促进城市碳排放效率的提高,并且在排除其他政策干扰的情况下,通过PSM-DID等一系列稳健性检验,这一结论仍然有效。其机制分析表明,自由贸易试验区的建立主要通过提高城市能源效率和技术水平,促进城市产业结构优化升级来影响城市碳排放效率。本文为推动自由贸易试验区绿色发展,实现经济效益的提高和碳排放的减少提供了有益的政策启示。
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