Biochar for the Control of Plant Pathogens

S. Ramesh, S. Babu
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Biochar, the solid product of pyrolysis of biomass at thermal degradation temperatures, is useful in agriculture as manure for enhancing plant growth through the supply of nutrients. It is used in protected cultivation practices of vegetables and flower crops in the pot culture and grow bags especially to improve soil physicochemical properties, and in hydroponics to remove pollutants like heavy metals in the water. The usage of biochar as a potential soil amendment for plant growth promotion, improving soil fertility and plant disease suppression are being explored in recent years. Biochar made from many of the agro waste materials was found to suppress the plant pathogens in the soil and also effective in controlling the pathogens affecting aerial parts of the plants. Although direct antifungal or antibacterial effects and metabolites of biochar are poorly understood, induced systemic resistance in plants through signal transduction and expression of defence chemicals and metabolites have been studied. In addition, microbiome analyses through metagenome sequencing revealed an increase in the population of beneficial microbes (antagonistic to plant pathogens) in the rhizosphere soils applied with biochar.
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生物炭防治植物病原体的研究
生物炭是生物质在热降解温度下热解的固体产物,在农业中用作肥料,通过提供营养物质来促进植物生长。它用于蔬菜和花卉作物的盆栽和袋式种植的保护性耕作,特别是改善土壤的物理化学性质,以及在水培中去除水中重金属等污染物。生物炭作为促进植物生长、提高土壤肥力和抑制植物病害的潜在土壤改良剂,近年来得到了广泛的应用。由许多农业废弃物制成的生物炭可以抑制土壤中的植物病原体,也可以有效地控制影响植物地上部分的病原体。虽然生物炭的直接抗真菌或抗菌作用和代谢物尚不清楚,但通过信号转导和防御化学物质和代谢物的表达诱导的植物系统性抗性已经得到了研究。此外,通过宏基因组测序进行的微生物组分析显示,施用生物炭的根际土壤中有益微生物(对植物病原体拮抗)的数量增加。
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