Physiological and molecular interventions for improving nitrogen-use efficiency in maize.

Molecular breeding in wheat, maize and sorghum: strategies for improving abiotic stress tolerance and yield Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI:10.1079/9781789245431.0019

I. Singh, Krishan Kumar, Prabhat Singh, P. Yadava, S. Rakshit

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract This chapter discusses (i) the importance of nitrogen in plant growth and development, (ii) what is nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) and how to manage it, (iii) traits influencing nitrogen-uptake efficiency including root system architecture, root nitrogen transporter system, and interaction with microorganisms, (iv) traits influencing nitrogen-utilization efficiency, such as nitrate assimilation, canopy photosynthesis per unit of nitrogen, (v) identification and use of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to NUE, (vi) identification of nitrogen-responsive genes, and (vii) nitrogen signalling and transduction for improving NUE. Intensive research on molecular and genetic aspects of NUE has led to the identification of many new genes, QTLs and alleles that could be deployed to develop new genotypes. The future direction of the research efforts should be towards understanding the interaction of NUE-related genes with cellular small RNA flux and perturbing the system performance through metabolic engineering and genome editing techniques.

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提高玉米氮素利用效率的生理和分子干预。

本章讨论了氮在植物生长发育中的重要性;氮利用效率(NUE)是什么及如何管理;影响氮素吸收效率的性状包括根系结构、根系氮转运系统和与微生物的相互作用;影响氮素利用效率的性状包括硝酸盐同化、单位氮冠层光合作用、氮素对植物生长发育的影响。(v)鉴定和利用与氮素利用效率相关的数量性状位点(qtl)， (vi)鉴定氮响应基因，(vii)改善氮素利用效率的氮信号和转导。对NUE分子和遗传方面的深入研究已经导致许多新的基因、qtl和等位基因的鉴定，这些基因可以用于开发新的基因型。未来的研究方向应该是了解nue相关基因与细胞小RNA通量的相互作用，并通过代谢工程和基因组编辑技术干扰系统的性能。

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Molecular breeding in wheat, maize and sorghum: strategies for improving abiotic stress tolerance and yield

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