ADULT LEARNERS’ MOTIVATION TO LEARN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Toma Naumčiuk
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Abstract

Research on peculiarities how adults learn foreign languages in formal, non-formal and informal ways is comparatively not extensive, especially in Lithuania. Therefore, it was important to investigate the effects which motivate adults to learn foreign languages and how age makes a difference in learning. A research survey was designed on the basis of theoretical analysis and the study was conducted in Kaunas and Panevezys cities in order to find out the reasons why participants learn foreign languages (i.e. their extrinsic or intrinsic, integrative or instrumental motivation). The results of the empirical study revealed that adult foreign language learners in Lithuania mostly learn the English language and they know Russian and German; the current language they are learning in many cases is their second or third one. The participants revealed that adult learners are mostly motivated intrinsically (because of their wish to improve, learn, travel and etc.), less adults were motivated extrinsically (because of the work purposes – instrumental motivation) and because of communication reason (integrative motivation). The survey showed that participants believe that to learn a foreign language it is important to be motivated, want to improve in their life and, of course, to have a purpose. Keywords: Key words: adult foreign language learner, foreign language learning, foreign language learning motivation.
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成人学习者学习外语的动机
关于成年人在正式、非正式和非正式方式下学习外语的特点的研究相对不广泛,特别是在立陶宛。因此,研究激励成年人学习外语的影响以及年龄对学习的影响是很重要的。在理论分析的基础上设计了一项研究调查,并在Kaunas和Panevezys两个城市进行了研究,以找出参与者学习外语的原因(即他们的外在动机或内在动机,整合动机或工具动机)。实证研究结果显示,立陶宛成人外语学习者以英语为主,懂俄语和德语;在很多情况下,他们目前正在学习的语言是他们的第二或第三种语言。参与者发现,成人学习者的动机主要是内在动机(因为他们希望提高、学习、旅行等),较少的成年人动机是外在动机(因为工作目的-工具性动机)和沟通动机(综合动机)。调查显示,参与者认为学习一门外语很重要,要有动力,想要改善他们的生活,当然,还有一个目标。关键词:成人外语学习者,外语学习,外语学习动机。
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