Nutritional status and its associated factors in children under 5 years of age in the Aseer Region, Southwestern Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Despite progress in several health markers for under-five children, malnutrition continues to be a major health indicator and the chief cause of death in several countries. The manifestations of undernutrition, including stunting, underweight, and wasting, are major concerns worldwide. The present study aimed to explore stunting, wasting, and underweight in under-five children. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in children who had medical files in three selected Primary Health Care Centers of the Aseer Region. Anthropometric variables, including age, weight, and height, were assessed using the World Health Organization guidelines. Results: The study included 664 children. The overall prevalence of wasting, underweight, stunting, and thinness was 17.8%, 20.5%, 30.3%, and 18.4%, respectively. Living in rural areas and at sea level were significant associated factors for overall stunting and living at sea level was the only significant associated factor for severe stunting. Conclusion: Malnutrition levels among under-five children in the Aseer Region continue to be a public health issue and are higher than the levels observed in other regions of Saudi Arabia. Governmental and nongovernmental stakeholders should collaborate to develop short- and long-term programs addressing the major determinants of childhood malnutrition and its associated health effects.