Demographic, Residential, and Socioeconomic Effects on the Distribution of 19th Century African-American Stature

S. Carson
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引用次数: 65

Abstract

The use of height data to measure living standards is now a well-established method in the economic literature, and heights are related with vitamin D. Although African-Americans and whites have the genetic ability to reach similar terminal statures, 19th century blacks were consistently shorter than whites. Greater insolation (vitamin D production), is documented here to be associated with taller black statures. Consistent with the insolation-hypothesis, mulattos were taller than darker pigmented blacks, and most of the mulatto-black stature differential was attributable to age and insolation. Black farmers were taller than workers in other occupations, and black statures increased during the antebellum period and decreased with slavery's elimination, which is observed across the stature distribution.
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人口、居住和社会经济对19世纪非裔美国人地位分布的影响
用身高数据来衡量生活水平在经济文献中已经是一种公认的方法,而且身高与维生素d有关。尽管非裔美国人和白人具有达到相似最终身高的遗传能力,但19世纪的黑人始终比白人矮。更多的日晒(维生素D的产生)被证明与更高的黑人身材有关。与日晒假说一致,黑白混血儿比肤色较深的黑人更高,而黑白混血儿的身高差异主要归因于年龄和日晒。黑人农民比其他职业的工人要高,黑人的身高在南北战争前上升,随着奴隶制的废除而下降,这在身高分布中都可以观察到。
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