Information and Communication Technologies: tools for development. What are the benefits and challenges for the African information society?

Abstract

The article looks at Information Communication Technologies (ICTs), as being the probable answer to the problems associated with access to and use of information in the African context. It defines ICTs and demystifies the misconception that the term ICTs refers to computers and Internet only, the view that is believed to have rendered ICTs a not very urgent issue. ICTs are important as they enhance access to information, which is essential in any quest for development. The article also looks at the strengths of ICTs in accessing information. It then turns to the challenges of ICTs in an African setting, for example, training and the general acceptance of ICTs in a society with sections that are largely computer illiterate and too poor to purchase modern ICTs, a situation made worse by the hyper-inflationary Zimbabwean economy. Of concern in most African countries is the issue of the National ICT Policy. The article also highlights the issue, what should be part of the policy and looking at what other countries have included in their draft policies. The Zimbabwean Government has embarked on an extensive rural electrification programme. The article centres on this programme and the advantages it has brought to education and research. In conclusion, the article takes a position on whether ICTs are the much-anticipated tool for change and whether they are practical in an African rural setting or not. Recommendations are also brought forward with regards to what the National ICT Policy should address, such as training, and issues that can be tackled to make the society accept ICTs as a tool to eliminate poverty, human rights abuse and rectify gender disparity. Keywords : access to information, African information society system, Information Communication Technologies ESARBICA Journal Vol. 24 2005: 96-108