Sport as a factor in the improvement of the stability of the nervous system to the exhaustion and expansion of students' orthostatic reactions

Abstract

Purpose: to reveal the influence of sports on indicators of psychophysiological functions and orthostatic reactions of students of various faculties of pedagogical universities. Material and methods. 812 students of pedagogical institutions of higher education of Ukraine took part in the study: 88 students of the faculty of elementary education, 76 students of history, 130 of natural sciences, 131 of foreign philology, 93 of the faculty of preschool education, 198 of Ukrainian language, 25 of the faculty of physical education and sports, 24 students from the Faculty of Arts, 47 students from the Faculty of Psychology and Sociology. Psychophysiological testing was carried out according to the Psychodiagnostics program and involved determining the speed of a simple visual-motor reaction, determining the speed of a choice of two elements out of three. During psychophysiological testing, the reaction time and the number of errors were determined for each test. The results. Sports have a positive effect on the indicators of the strength of nervous processes according to the results of the number of errors in the test for the reaction to the choice of two elements out of three (p<0.05). Also, playing sports has a positive effect on the quality of autonomic regulation of vascular tone, which is reflected in lower values ​​of the heart rate during the transition from a horizontal position of the body to a vertical one in students who play sports (p<0.05). Conclusions. Sports are recommended for students of all faculties of pedagogical universities. The type of sport should correspond to the individual inclinations of the student and his professional direction.